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- W1639533169 abstract "Salt, sodium chloride, clearly holds a special place in human history. It has, when available, been used exten sively in human cuisine, formed a fundamental unit of exchange, and even been a cause of war. Salt has commonly been taxed because of its universal usage and value. Most striking perhaps are the British salt taxes in colonial India: individuals were taxed up to 4,000% of the salt's value, and a family of four could have spent as much as 17% of its income on salt. To prevent salt from being smuggled between areas of low tax and those of high tax, a series of fortifications rivaling the Great Wall of China was constructed over a distance of 1,500 miles across the Indian subcontinent and was manned by 8,000 soldiers (Balfour 1899; Gandhi 1930). Sodium is required for a variety of biological func tions, including nerve conduction, blood-pressure main tenance, acid-base balance, and mus cle contraction, and its balance in the body is finely regulated. Excess sodi um is usually excreted efficiently in the urine; in fact, adult rats have been successfully fed diets contain ing 25% sodium chloride for 3 months with no apparent ill effects (Richter 1956). At the other extreme, elaborate hormonal mechanisms ex" @default.
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- W1639533169 date "1987-01-01" @default.
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- W1639533169 title "The Human Preference for Excess Salt" @default.
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