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• W164497635 abstract "An experimental plot has been established since January 2001 on a calcareous soil in southernEngland to investigate the fate and transport of diuron (N`-[3,4-dichlorophenyl]-N,Ndimethylurea),a commonly used phenylurea herbicide. In late January 2002 an agriculturalgrade of diuron was applied to the existing plot and to an adjacent plot on to the soil surface at arate of 6.7 kg/ha along with a potassium bromide conservative tracer applied at 200 kg/ha. Handaugured samples were taken at regular intervals over the next 125 days with samples collecteddown to 54 cm. Porewaters were extracted from the soil cores by using high speed centrifugationand the supernatant fluids were retained for analysis by HPLC for diuron and three of itsmetabolites, N`-[3,4-dichlorophenyl]-N,N-methylurea (DCPMU), N`-3,4-dichlorophenylurea(DCPU) and 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA). The centrifuged soil was retained and then extracted thesolid phase material with methanol prior to HPLC analysis for the same suite of analytes.Variability within the same plot between different sample periods and between plots makesunderstanding and quantifying the system difficult. The generally more moist Plot B containshigher concentrations of diuron and metabolites in the porewaters than Plot A whereas Plot Acontains generally higher concentrations in the solid phase than Plot B.In year 2, the rate of degradation over a 50 day period is faster in both plots than it was in Plot Ain year 1. After 120 days metabolites account for more than 50% of total pesticide found in solidphase in both plots. In the liquid phase metabolites account for 33% in Plot A and 51% in Plot B.The rate of degradation is faster in Plot B than Plot A for both solid phase and porewaters. In allcases, the dominant metabolite is DCPMU. The highest percentage of DCA occurs in solidphase and porewaters of Plot A which might suggest some enhanced degradation of DCPU orcould be a residual from the 2001 application. During the study period roughly 100% of residueswere accounted for.Metabolites are more strongly retained in the solid phase than the parent compounds asdemonstrated by the generally higher Kd values. From highest to lowest KdDCA>DCPMU>DCPU>Diuron. Although greater rates of degradation are associated with thesolid phase, this also suggests that metabolites can remain as a potential source of groundwatercontamination long after the parent compound has disappeared from both porewaters and solidphase." @default.
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• W164497635 date "2003-01-01" @default.
• W164497635 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W164497635 title "The fate of diuron and its metabolites in calcareoussediments : second annual report" @default.
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