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- W1655131739 abstract "Alloimmune neonatal neutropenia results from fetal‐maternal incompatibility for a paternally inherited neutrophil antigen. The fetal neutrophils crossing the placenta can trigger a mother immunisation with IgG antibodies appearance, which in turn will enter the fetus circulation. Relying on a better characterisation of neutrophil antigens a new nomenclature called HNA (Human Neutrophil Antigens) has been proposed and five systems have been defined. The first one, HNA‐1, encoding the low‐affinity receptor FcγRIIIb (CD16), is polymorphic and consists of three antigens, HNA‐1a, ‐1b and ‐1c. Maternal genetic deficiencies of the CD16 neutrophil and soluble molecule have been shown to be responsible for mother iso‐immunisation and neonate neutropenia. HNA‐2a, the only serologically defined antigen of the HNA‐2 system, is expressed on neutrophil subpopulations. It belongs to the Ly‐6 molecular family. Antigen expression of the other neutrophil systems is shared with several other white cells lineages. Diagnostic is made, in most cases, when infections appeared, in days, or rarely in weeks, after birth. Due to various but common germs, they are mostly represented by omphalitis, otitis or respiratory infections. Neutrophil‐specific alloantibodies implicated in immune neutropenia are directed toward antigens belonging to HNA‐1 or, at a lesser degree, to HNA‐2 systems. In rare instances, neonatal neutropenia can be due to an autoantibody produced in the course of an autoimmune disease in the mother. The diagnosis is made by demonstrating the presence of an antibody in the mother‘s serum, selectively reacting with neutrophils of the panel bearing the suspected antigen andor father‘s neutrophils. Immune neonatal neutropenia is self‐limited and compatible with normal child‘s growth. Strict hygiene steps must prevent infections. Antibiotics are only required in severe infections." @default.
- W1655131739 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1655131739 date "2003-09-01" @default.
- W1655131739 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W1655131739 title "Alloimmune neonatal neutropenias" @default.
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