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• W165739964 abstract "Disturbed speech and language has been considered a primary symptom of schizophrenia for many years. In particular, figurative language, including metaphors and idioms, has been shown to be particularly problematic for people with schizophrenia (PwSz). The initial aim of the thesis was to gain an overview of the language function of PwSz compared to healthy controls matched for age, sex and years of education, using a battery of offline language assessments. The thesis then aimed to investigate the temporal aspect of figurative language, specifically idiom and metaphor processing, in schizophrenia using two online priming experiments. The current thesis had a particular interest in the contribution of impaired lexical-semantic processing and context processing to altered figurative language processing in schizophrenia. In addition, the thesis proposed to explore the relationship between figurative language processing and symptomatology as it has been suggested that an individual’s symptom profile may be associated with changes in their linguistic performance. A group of 18 PwSz and 21 healthy controls participated in the investigations. Initially, the participants completed an offline language battery designed to assess both basic-level language and more high-level language abilities. The PwSz displayed relatively intact basic-level language but showed an impaired performance on a number of the high-level language tasks compared to the healthy control participants. Subsequently, figurative language processing was explored further using two online investigations. To explore the temporal aspect of idiom processing in schizophrenia, two cross-modal lexical decision tasks were completed at inter-stimulus intervals ( ISIs) of 0 and 300ms. Analyses revealed no significant priming of either the idiom or literal meaning of the idiomatic phrase by the PwSz at 0ms ISI. Significant idiom priming was shown at 300ms ISI for the PWSz. In comparison, the healthy controls showed access to the literal meaning only at the 0ms ISI and both the literal and idiomatic meaning at the 300ms ISI. The healthy controls’ pattern of priming was consistent with the literal processing model of idiom comprehension. The results indicate intact idiom priming with impaired literal word priming in PwSz during idiom processing. Two cross-modal lexical decision tasks at ISIs of 0 and 300ms were also employed to investigate the temporal aspects of metaphor processing in schizophrenia. Analyses revealed significant metaphor and literal priming at both ISIs for healthy control participants. The PwSz showed significant literal priming only at both ISIs. This pattern of priming suggests impaired metaphor priming in the presence of intact literal word priming in PwSz during metaphor processing. The results of both studies are discussed in relation to the literature and the contribution of impaired lexical-semantic processing and context processing mechanisms. Associations between symptomatology and figurative language processing were present. There was a positive correlation between the Psychomotor Poverty Score (PPS) and the literal priming effect during idiom processing at the 0ms ISI. In addition, a negative correlation was shown between PPS and the idiom priming effect at the 300ms ISI. These correlations suggest that an individual’s ability to process abstract information decreases and their proneness to concrete thinking increases as their PPS increases. A positive correlation between the Reality Distortion Score and metaphor priming effect at the 0ms ISI was also observed. Those symptoms associated with disorganisation showed no links with figurative language processing." @default.
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• W165739964 date "2007-09-01" @default.
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• W165739964 title "Investigation of idiom and metaphor processing in people with schizophrenia" @default.
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