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- W1662430108 endingPage "275" @default.
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- W1662430108 abstract "The proteins that fulfill the function of identifying foreign molecular structures for the humoral response are immunoglobulins (Igs) and for the cellular response are T cell receptors (TCRs). Because both Igs and TCRs carry out antigen recognition, it is not surprising that the structure of Ig and TCR proteins and the structure, organization, and rearrangement of the genes that encode them are quite similar. Ig molecules are secreted and recognize soluble antigens, while TCR molecules remain on the T cell surface in close association with other membrane proteins and recognize cellular antigens, many more Ig molecules are synthesized by terminally differentiated B cells than TCR molecules are synthesized by mature T cells. The chapter presents overviews of the various ways in which Ig and TCR genes are regulated during development. However, the detailed portions of the review in the chapter is limited to transcriptional regulation, and it focuses on cis-acting DNA elements and trans-acting cellular proteins, which are required to regulate transcription of Ig and TCR genes. Transcriptional enhancers, which were first discovered in animal viruses, are defined functionally as cis-acting DNA sequences, which activate transcription-initiation in an orientation- and distance-independent manner. In cases in which the difference in transcriptional activity has been quantitated, it seems that the preference is not absolute, because the low levels of transcription are observed in some non-B cell lines. The chapter discusses several models that may explain its B cell-specific activity in immunoglobulin genes." @default.
- W1662430108 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1662430108 creator A5005637454 @default.
- W1662430108 creator A5026069642 @default.
- W1662430108 date "1988-01-01" @default.
- W1662430108 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1662430108 title "Transcriptional Controlling Elements in the Immunoglobulin and T Cell Receptor Loci" @default.
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