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• W166972376 abstract "Summary A catalyst dispersed on a carrier can occur in several forms. It may retain its chemical identity, with the carrier only acting as a dispersing agent, it may dissolve in the carrier to give a solid solution, or it may form a new stoichiometric compound with the carrier. Since many inorganic compounds can already be formed by solid-state reactions at low temperature, it is to be expected that in a large number of cases some compound formation will occur at the temperatures adopted in catalyst preparation. The usual procedure for the preparation of a supported catalyst is to impregnate the carrier with a solution of some suitable salt. The impregnated carrier is dried and then calcined, often near 500°C. At this temperature the metal salt (nitrate or carbonate) decomposes. Hence, if compound formation occurs, it is in most cases a result of a solid-state reaction between the carrier and the finely divided metal salt or oxide. A few principles of the reactivity of solids are therefore discussed. A number of systems, both from the recent literature and from our own research, including alkali, tungsten and molybdenum oxides on aluminas, will be reviewed. In general, on silica, compound formation does not occur under the conditions of normal catalyst preparation (calcination at about 500 - 600°C). Silicates normally do not form below 1100°C. The formation of compounds of alkali, tungsten and molybdenum oxides with aluminas was studied by luminescence spectroscopy. This method is discussed briefly. The formation of compounds between alkali carbonates and γ-alumina depends on temperature, but also on the size of the alkali ion. Compounds are easily formed with sodium and lithium salts; potassium and cesium ions are too big to diffuse into the available interstices of the γ-alumina lattice. Molybdenum oxide and tungsten oxide show a strong tendency to interact with γ-alumina, leading to the formation of Al2(MoO4)3 and Al2(WO4)3, respectively. Some consideration is given to the structure of these catalysts, which has been described in terms of a monolayer model and a chemical compound model." @default.
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• W166972376 date "1976-01-01" @default.
• W166972376 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W166972376 title "Formation and Inhibition of Formation of Compounds Between Deposited Substance and Oxidic Carriers" @default.
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• W166972376 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(08)63977-4" @default.
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