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- W168202908 abstract "Nickel-cobalt (Ni-Co) laterite deposits are supergeneenrichments of Ni±Co that form from intense chemical andmechanical weathering of ultramafic parent rocks. Theseregolith deposits typically form within 26 degrees of theequator, although there are a few exceptions. They formin active continental margins and stable cratonic settings.It takes as little as one million years for a laterite profileto develop. Three subtypes of Ni-Co laterite deposits areclassified according to the dominant Ni-bearing mineralogy,which include hydrous magnesium (Mg)-silicate, smectite,and oxide. These minerals form in weathering horizons thatbegin with the unweathered protolith at the base, saprolitenext, a smectite transition zone only in profiles where drainageis very poor, followed by limonite, and then cappedwith ferricrete at the top. The saprolite contains Ni-richhydrous Mg-silicates, the Ni-rich clays occur in the transitionhorizon, and Ni-rich goethite occurs in the limonite.Although these subtypes of deposits are the more widelyused terms for classification of Ni-Co laterite deposits, mostdeposits have economic concentrations of Ni in more thanone horizon. Because of their complex mineralogy and heterogeneousconcentrations, mining of these metallurgicallycomplex deposits can be challenging. Deposits range in sizefrom 2.5 to about 400 million tonnes, with Ni and Co gradesof 0.66–2.4 percent (median 1.3) and 0.01–0.15 percent(median 0.08), respectively. Modern techniques of ore delineationand mineralogical identification are being developedto aid in streamlining the Ni-Co laterite mining process, andlow-temperature and low-pressure ore processing techniquesare being tested that will treat the entire weathered profile.There is evidence that the production of Ni and Co fromlaterites is more energy intensive than that of sulfide ores,reflecting the environmental impact of producing a Ni-Colaterite deposit. Tailings may include high levels of magnesium,sulfate, and manganese and have the potential to bephysically unstable." @default.
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- W168202908 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W168202908 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W168202908 title "Nickel-cobalt laterites: a deposit model" @default.
- W168202908 doi "https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105070h" @default.
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