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• W168359871 abstract "Ictogenesis and epileptogenesis during development are key phenomena in the establishment of epilepsy. In exploring these processes, we will clarify not only the mechanisms of abnormalities for the neuronal network, but also the physiology of higher brain functions such as learning and memory. Since epilepsy is defined as the repeated synchronous hyperactivity of cortical neurons, it is also important to view epileptic phenomena according to ‘states’ – i.e., transition from the preictal to the ictal state and from the interictal to the ictal state. In this context, when we discuss ‘repeated’ hyperactivity, we generally refer to transitions from the interictal to the ictal state, and when we investigate ‘the first synchronous’ discharge, we generally refer to transition from the preictal to the ictal state. During epileptogenesis, a large number of genes are expressed, and this expression is dependent on the development state of the animal as well as the epileptic ‘state.’ Among the genes that are highly expressed are those responsible for free-radical production and synaptic reorganization, inducible nitric oxide synthetase (i-NOS), constitutive neural NOS (n-NOS), epitherial NOS (e-NOS), apoptosis regulation (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bax), neurotrophic factors (brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF), fibloblast growing factor-2 (FGF-2), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3)), cell-cycle reentry (cycalin A, B, D, E, cyclin-dependent kinase-1,-2,-4 (CDK-1, -2, -4)), and inflammatory signal transduction (IL-1a, IL-1b, tumor necrotizing factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1r), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra)). The EL mouse is an animal model of secondary generalized seizure. Seizure threshold in this animal depends on its developmental state and its seizure history. Thus, the EL mouse is a particularly useful animal model to investigate the role or significance of seizure-related expression of different genes." @default.
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• W168359871 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W168359871 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W168359871 title "EPILEPTOGENESIS | Specific Gene Expression Before and After Seizure in Epileptic EL Mice" @default.
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• W168359871 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012373961-2.00132-6" @default.
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