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• W16979472 abstract "Bats of the genus Pteropus are considered the natural reservoir hosts for NiV and otherhenipaviruses. The present study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of NiVin Pteropus sp. in Malaysia. The specific objectives of this study are to describe thegeographical distribution and population characteristics of Pteropus spp. in thepeninsular, describe the geographical extent of NiV antibody in pteropid bats in thepeninsular, identify the risk factors associated with the infection, determine the naturalroute of NiV excretion, transmission and serological patterns of the infection in capturedPteropus, estimate the seroprevalence and incidence rate of NiV seroconversion in thebats and investigate the possibility of viral recrudescence in naturally infected bats and inexperimentally NiV immuno-suppressed seropositive bats P. vampyrus and P. hypomelanus were found throughout Peninsular Malaysia.P. hypomelanus inhabits the islands surrounding the peninsular while P. vampyrus werefound on the mainland. P. vampyrus was extremely sensitive even to low-level humanactivities. Physically, P. vampyrus was significantly bigger and heavier than P.hypomelanus. The physical characteristics of bats of both species differ significantlygiven age and sex. Both species had similar breeding pattern throughout the year.The seroprevalence of NiV in P. hypomelanus and P. vampyrus were 11% and 32.5%,respectively. The odds ratio of seropositive for NiV was higher in P. vampyrus comparedto P. hypomelanus. A repeated cross-sectional study show that NiV seroprevalence in asingle population of P. hypomelanus ranged between 1% and 20%. The seroprevalencewas found associated with time and the reproductive status of female bats. The bats thatwere either pregnant, lactating, carrying or nursing a pup were at a significantly higherrisk to be seropositive when compared to dry bats.A prospective study on the bats revealed at least 5 basic serological patterns: i) HighStatic Positive, ii) Low Static Positive, iii) Waned-off, iv) Waned-off and Rising and v)Static Negative. Passive immunity to NiV of pup born to seropositive dam was detectedfor a period of up to a year. This suggests that the maternal antibody against NiV may lastup to a year in captive bats.The isolation of the virus from a bat’s urine from ‘Waned-off and Rising’ antibodypattern provides for the first time, the objective evidence of the possible viralrecrudescent in Pteropus bats. The virus was excreted in very low concentration and in a very short time period. This indicates that a very narrow window exist where NiV is shedby bats in the wild. The seroconvertion of another two bats within a month after the virusisolation suggests the possibility of horizontal transmission within the colony. The NiVincidence rate for seroconversion was 486 per 1000 bat-year.Stress in seropositive bats induced chemically resulted in an increased neutrophil anddecrease in lymphocytes count. However, no virus was discovered from samplescollected during the experiment and from organs at the end of the study.The findings from the study have contributed significantly to the understanding on thedistribution of NiV among healthy Pteropus bats, transmission and persistency of thevirus within the colony, and the basic bat immune response due to NiV infection" @default.
• W16979472 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W16979472 creator A5008526045 @default.
• W16979472 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W16979472 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W16979472 title "Epidemiology, Transmission And Isolation Of Nipah Virus In Large Fruit Bats (Pteropus Species)In Peninsular Malaysia" @default.
• W16979472 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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