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- W170243859 abstract "Recent advances in biostereometric techniques have led to the quick and easyacquisition of 3D data for facial and other biological surfaces. This has led facialsurgeons to express dissatisfaction with landmark-based methods for analysing theshape of the face which use only a small part of the data available, and to seek a methodfor analysing the face which maximizes the use of this extensive data set. Scientistsworking in the field of computer vision have developed a variety of methods for theanalysis and description of 2D and 3D shape. These methods are reviewed and anapproach, based on differential geometry, is selected for the description of facial shape.For each data point, the Gaussian and mean curvatures of the surface are calculated.The performance of three algorithms for computing these curvatures are evaluated formathematically generated standard 3D objects and for 3D data obtained from an opticalsurface scanner. Using the signs of these curvatures, the face is classified into eight'fundamental surface types' - each of which has an intuitive perceptual meaning. Therobustness of the resulting surface type description to errors in the data is determinedtogether with its repeatability.Three methods for comparing two surface type descriptions are presented and illustratedfor average male and average female faces. Thus a quantitative description of facialchange, or differences between individual's faces, is achieved. The possible applicationof artificial intelligence techniques to automate this comparison is discussed. Thesensitivity of the description to global and local changes to the data, made bymathematical functions, is investigated.Examples are given of the application of this method for describing facial changesmade by facial reconstructive surgery and implications for defining a basis for facialaesthetics using shape are discussed. It is also applied to investigate the role played bythe shape of the surface in facial recognition." @default.
- W170243859 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W170243859 date "1993-01-01" @default.
- W170243859 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W170243859 title "Shape classification: towards a mathematical description of the face" @default.
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