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• W1712804982 abstract "ion from physical reality. It is held, for example, that a scientific description of a tornado conveys in only a feeble, truncated, wretchedly poor manner what is conveyed with overpowering richness and fullness by the direct experience of a tornado. Nowadays, few of us are so analytically naive as to be taken in by this kind of view about deficiencies or limitations alleged to characterize science. We, most of us at any rate, comprehend the point of Einstein's remark that is not the function of Science to give the taste of the soup. [t is the function of science to describe the world, not to reproduce it. Of course a description of a tornado does not provide us with a tornado; it is not the same thing as a tornado! And, incidentally, the description does not fail to be a tornado on account of being incomplete, or truncated, or generalized. Even if it were a complete description of a tornado-whatever that might be-it would still be a description of a tornado and not a tornado. Moreover, a description of a tornado no more fails to be a tornado than does a tornado fail to be a description. No, it should be clear enough that to allege deficiencies or limitations to science in the above fashion is simply to be mistaken or confused in a particularly egregious way about the nature of science. To be sure, if we are good scientists and if we are lucky, we can use our scientific descriptions to help lead us to the exper­ iences we desire of the extra-linguistic world-but, to expect those descriptions to be the extra-linguistic world or even to be very much like it, obviously mis· construes the enterprise. And really, to make such a mistake is to commit a kind of solecism very much like accusing my eyeglasses of failing, or of being defective, because they do not have enough thrust to propel an Apollo space capsule to the moon. I have not been able to resist dubbing the fallacious view that the function of science is to reproduce reality the r'eproductive fallacy. This is all very well; but how exactly, you are doubtless wondering, does it bear upon Winch's line of argument about social phenomena? The answer is, I believe, that Winch's argument commits a somewhat subtle form of the repro· ductive fallacy; and having elucidated the latter in the neutral context of tne physical sciences enables me to deal much more succinctly with Winch's argument. The commission of the fallacy does not, I think, lie in Winch's contention that social phenomena are rule governed phenomena, nor, of course, in his seeing that an investigation of rule governed phenomena does, itself, constitute a rule governed phenomenon. Nor, does it lie in his seeing, quite correctly, that the sorts of rule governed phenomena constituted of, say, religious activity or religious institutions are broadly of the same kind as the rule governed phenomena constituted by an attempt to verify some causal theory through an explanatory or predictive use of it. But we do get a commission of a species of the reproductive fallacy when, granting all this, it is inferred that the only methodology appropriate to the investigation of a rule governed phP.nomenon is one that issues in a reproduction of the condition it investigates. Suppose, for want of a better, we employ the term 'teleology of the observer' to refer to the relevant characteristics of the scientists' game-including the" @default.
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• W1712804982 date "1973-01-01" @default.
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• W1712804982 title "Some Essays at Objectivity" @default.
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