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- W171436537 abstract "Since the first cases were reported over thirty years ago, great strides have been made to control disease progression in people living with HIV/AIDS. However, current estimates report that there are about 34 million individuals infected with HIV worldwide. Critical in the ongoing fight against this pandemic is the continuing development of highly active anti-retroviral therapies, ideally those with novel mechanisms of action. Currently, there are no medications approved for use that exploit the HIV-1 MA protein, despite its central role in multiple stages of the virus life cycle. This thesis sought to examine whether a highly conserved glutamate residue at position 99 in the understudied C-terminal helix of MA is required for HIV-1 replication. I characterized a panel of mutant viruses that contain different amino acid substitutions at this position using viral infectivity studies, virus-cell fusion assays, and immunoblotting. In doing so, I found that substitution of this glutamate with either a valine (E99V) or lysine (E99K) residue disrupted Env incorporation into nascent HIV particles, and abrogated their ability to fuse with target-cell membranes. In determining that the strain of HIV could affect the magnitude of E99V-associated defects, I identified a compensatory substitution at MA residue 84 that rescued both E99Vand E99Kassociated impairments. I further characterized the MA E99V and E99K mutations by truncating HIV Env and pseudotyping with heterologous envelope proteins in an attempt to overcome the Env incorporation defect. Unexpectedly, I found that facilitating fusion at the plasma membrane was not sufficient to reverse the severe impairments in virus infectivity. Using" @default.
- W171436537 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W171436537 creator A5067578459 @default.
- W171436537 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W171436537 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W171436537 title "Investigation of the C-Terminal Helix of HIV-1 Matrix: A Region Essential for Multiple Functions in the Viral Life Cycle: A Dissertation" @default.
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