FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W171966963> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W171966963 abstract "The English and Romania Adoptees (ERA) study sought to capitalize on an invaluable ‘natural experiment’ in which there was a rapid, easily timed, transition from a profoundly depriving environment in Romanian institutions of the 1980’s and early 1990’s to a generally well functioning adoptive family in England. Moreover, the transition was not accompanied by the usual selective biases associated with admission to, and discharge from, the institution. Earlier reports considered findings on the cohort at 4, 6 and 11 years of age; here we extend the findings to age 15 years. Throughout the follow-up, we have been fortunate in having very low attrition, and we have endeavored to have multimodal methods of assessments. Thus, the measures have included detailed standardized interviews with both parents and their adopted offspring, questionnaires completed by parents, teachers and the young people themselves. In addition, there was systematic standardized psychometric testing of the young people, together with anthropometric measurements of height, weight and head circumference. DNA samples were obtained on the great majority of the adoptees, and a pilot brain imaging study was also undertaken. Our early findings indicated that the main outcomes that were strongly associated with institutional deprivation were unusual and distinctive: Namely, quasi-autism, disinhibited attachment, inattention/overactivity and cognitive impairment. We postulated that these might constitute possible deprivation-specific patterns. Accordingly, this monograph is focused on these postulated deprivation-specific patterns and their association with more general patterns of functioning and impairment. We began with a rigorous testing of the causal inference that these were truly due to institutional deprivation; the weight of evidence suggested that they were (albeit there were important changes in patterns and substantial improvement). Our findings showed a high degree of persistence to 16+ years of age, a remarkable persistence of the strong association with institutional deprivation, and pointers to the likelihood that there was coherence across the four separate deprivation-specific patterns. Moreover, the findings showed that psychosocial deprivation in the absence of subnutrition was accompanied by a major impairment in head growth (implying stunted brain growth) when the institutional deprivation lasted beyond the age of 6 months. Unlike height and weight, the head circumference continued to increase up to age 15 years, but still remained well below normal limits. Special attention was paid to the relationship between postulated deprivation-specific patterns and more ordinary and common disturbances of conduct, emotions, and peer relationships. Indeed the findings showed that all three of these patterns were associated with, and appeared to derive out of, earlier deprivation-specific features. However, the developmental course of the three features was markedly different. Emotional problems were unremarkable at 6 years, but increased over the 6 to 15 year age period. Insofar as could be judged, (usually) it was not that there was a late onset of them, but rather that its manifestations probably depended on a greater degree of maturation to become properly apparent. By contrast, an increase in conduct problems was beginning to be evident at 6 years, was clearly manifest at 11, and remained elevated at 15 years of age. It was most strongly associated with inattention/overactivity. The pattern for peer relationship problems was different yet again in that it was increased in frequency relative to the pooled comparison group, and was strongly associated with all four postulated deprivation-specific patterns. It was concluded that peer relationship problems constituted a sensitive index of social relationship problems and, therefore, are likely to be associated to some degree with any severe form of psychopathology, but especially with disorders in which difficulties in social relationships constitute such a prominent feature. Both conduct and emotional problems also showed associations with deprivation-specific features, but the developmental course of the two are strikingly different. Longitudinal data were crucial in identifying this difference. On the basis of cross-sectional findings, it had been claimed by others that the recovery of scholastic achievement lagged behind that of other cognitive functions. We did not find that but, again, the longitudinal analysis of within-individual change was essential in order to assess the possibility. Our results showed substantial heterogeneity in the specifics of cognitive patterns, but there was no single pattern that was specifically associated with institutional deprivation. Prior cross-sectional studies have typically reported complete catch-up in height and weight within 2 or 3 years after adoption. Our within-individual growth curves suggest that it is necessary to modify that conclusion. In keeping with previous research, we too found major catch-up in height and weight. What was different, however, was that we found a relative deceleration of growth between 11 and 15 years. The overall pattern of findings suggested that a significantly earlier puberty (found also in other studies of abuse and neglect) is likely to have played a role in both bringing about an earlier growth spurt and curtailing its duration. We had inadequate statistical power to test this in the way that we would have wished, but the possibility clearly warrants further research. Once again, the growth trajectory for head circumference was different, a deceleration was not evident and the catch-up to age 15 fell well short of population norms. Our measures of possible biological concomitants of deprivation-specific patterns were necessarily limited; however, two findings stood out. First, psychosocial deprivation, in the absence of overall subnutrition, had a major effect in constraining head growth (imaging data suggest that this was a reasonable index of brain growth) provided the deprivation continued beyond 6 months of age. Second, mediation analyses indicated that head circumference had a significant indirect role in the connection between institutional deprivation and deprivation-specific patterns. Because of the complexities of person-environment interplay, we finally sought to pull together findings on risk, causation, mediation and moderation. We conclude that, following a series of rigorous methodological checks, there was strong evidence for both the validity of deprivation-specific patterns, and their causation by institutional deprivation. However, our leads on possible moderating influences were necessarily more tentative. We see this as a high priority area and one that will require a broader range of measures (on genetic variations, but also on coping styles) than we were able to employ. Variations in the adoptive home environment did not seem to provide much of an effect, but something of a rethink is needed on how to conceptualize the measurement of relevant features." @default.
• W171966963 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W171966963 creator A5007401040 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5020107271 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5029097219 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5029870639 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5040740992 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5043187260 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5049724325 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5053737667 @default.
• W171966963 creator A5086113903 @default.
• W171966963 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W171966963 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W171966963 title "Deprivation-specific psychological patterns: Effects of institutional deprivation by the English and Romanian Adoptee Study Team" @default.
• W171966963 hasPublicationYear "2010" @default.
• W171966963 type Work @default.
• W171966963 sameAs 171966963 @default.
• W171966963 citedByCount "1" @default.
• W171966963 countsByYear W1719669632015 @default.
• W171966963 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5007401040 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5020107271 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5029097219 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5029870639 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5040740992 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5043187260 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5049724325 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5053737667 @default.
• W171966963 hasAuthorship W171966963A5086113903 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C129400051 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C13543017 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C2778516963 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C41895202 @default.
• W171966963 hasConcept C77805123 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C129400051 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C13543017 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C138885662 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C15744967 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C17744445 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C199539241 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C2778516963 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C41895202 @default.
• W171966963 hasConceptScore W171966963C77805123 @default.
• W171966963 hasLocation W1719669631 @default.
• W171966963 hasOpenAccess W171966963 @default.
• W171966963 hasPrimaryLocation W1719669631 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W156696675 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W1579966144 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W1969222381 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W1993526839 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2022150172 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2024094889 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2059541797 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2075397464 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2075402786 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2076529243 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2121240521 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2123803650 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2155253852 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2160537409 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2167298607 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2169191843 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2760912952 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W2940058604 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W3083057072 @default.
• W171966963 hasRelatedWork W3128790544 @default.
• W171966963 isParatext "false" @default.
• W171966963 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W171966963 magId "171966963" @default.
• W171966963 workType "article" @default.