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• W173055904 abstract "(I) Extraterrestrial ^3He in the sedimentary record: Analyses of ^3He, a tracer of interplanetary dust particles (IDPs), in marinecarbonates from the Italian Apennines exclude large, long-lived enhancement in the IDPflux between 75 Ma and 39 Ma, These data in combination with previous ^3Hemeasurements preclude recurrent comet showers with periods less than 38 Myrs. The IDPaccretion rate at the K-T boundary (65 Ma) is invariant and has, therefore, been used as achronometer to estimate the duration of the K-T extinction event. Our calculationsuggests that the duration of the boundary event is 10000 ± 2000 years, and thedeposition time of the impact ejecta layer is less than 60 years. These results indicate thatthe mass-extinction at the K-T boundary was catastrophic, ruling out volcanism and sealevel changes as important factors and requiring an extremely rapid faunal turnover rate. Because extraterrestrial ^3He is preserved in the sedimentary record for at least 480Ma, the ^3He carrier phase(s) must be chemically stable on the seafloor and resist diffusionover geologic time, Our chemical leaching and step-heating experiments indicate that thecarrier phase(s) may be magnetite or more probably associated with magnetite, Theassociation may be in the form of composite grains or nanometer thick rims. (II) Geochemistry of shield stage lavas from Kauai, Hawaii: We measured He, Sr, Nd, Pb, and Os isotope ratios and major and trace elementconcentrations in shield lavas from Kauai, Hawaii. The range of ^3He/^4He ratios (17-28R_A) measured from the Kauai shield is similar to that reported from Loihi Seamount and is clearly distinct from other Hawaiian shield volcanoes. These results challenge theprevailing notion that high ^3He/^4He ratios are restricted to the pre-shield stage ofHawaiian volcanism. ^3He/^4He ratios in Kauai shield lavas vary erratically withstratigraphic position and on timescales of 100 years. These variations in ^3He/^4He ratiosare correlated with variations in radiogenic isotope ratios, suggesting rapid changes inparental magma composition with time. Our new geochemical data from Kauai shield lavas require the involvement of adepleted mantle component that is normally sampled only during the post-shield andpost-erosional stages of Hawaiian volcanism. In addition, the Kauai data support theexistence of a single high ^3He^4He reservoir in the Earth's mantle and suggest that theproportion of the high ^3He/^4He component in the Hawaiian plume has varied significantlywith time. The long-term evolution of the Hawaiian plume and the temporal variabilityrecorded in Kauai lavas cannot be explained by a steady-state cylindrically zoned plumeand require more complex time-varying heterogeneities." @default.
• W173055904 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W173055904 creator A5082774350 @default.
• W173055904 date "2002-01-01" @default.
• W173055904 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W173055904 title "I. Extraterrestrial 3He in the Sedimentary Record. II. Geochemistry of Shield Stage Lavas from Kauai, Hawaii" @default.
• W173055904 doi "https://doi.org/10.7907/xpm2-1q79." @default.
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