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• W1755805237 abstract "L-canavanine occurs as a toxic non-protein amino acid in more than 1500 leguminous plants. One mechanism of its toxicity is its incorporation into proteins, replacing L-arginine and giving rise to functionally aberrant polypeptides. A comparison between the recombinant arginyl-tRNA synthetases from a canavanine producer (jack bean) and from a related non-producer (soybean) provided an opportunity to study the mechanism that has evolved to discriminate successfully between the proteinogenic amino acid and its non-protein analogue. In contrast to the enzyme from jack bean, the soybean enzyme effectively produced canavanyl-tRNA(Arg) when using RNA transcribed from the jack bean tRNA(ACG) gene. The corresponding k(cat)/K(M) values gave a discrimination factor of 485 for the jack bean enzyme. The arginyl-tRNA synthetase does not possess hydrolytic post-transfer editing activity. In a heterologous system containing either native Escherichia coli tRNA(Arg) or the modification-lacking E. coli transcript RNA, efficient discrimination between L-arginine and L-canavanine by both plant enzymes (but not by the E. coli arginyl-tRNA synthetase) occurred. Thus, interaction of structural features of the tRNA with the enzyme plays a significant role in determining the accuracy of tRNA arginylation. Of the potential amino acid substrates tested, apart from L-canavanine, only L-thioarginine was active in aminoacylation. As it is an equally good substrate for the arginyl-tRNA synthetase from both plants, it is concluded that the higher discriminatory power of the jack bean enzyme towards L-canavanine does not necessarily provide increased protection against analogues in general, but appears to have evolved specifically to avoid auto-toxicity." @default.
• W1755805237 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1755805237 creator A5052076805 @default.
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• W1755805237 date "2009-01-27" @default.
• W1755805237 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W1755805237 title "Amino acid discrimination by arginyl-tRNA synthetases as revealed by an examination of natural specificity variants" @default.
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• W1755805237 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06866.x" @default.
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