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- W1770290784 abstract "Escherichia coli, a gram-negative gamma proteobacterium, is presently the best-understood organism. It is a paradigm organism in bacterial physiology and genetics as well as a key tool in molecular genetics in that many genetic manipulations throughout biology involve E. coli. Molecular cloning into one of many E. coli vector plasmids is a standard procedure in most molecular biology and biotechnology laboratories. E. coli is also the workhorse of recombinant protein production since conditions have been found that allow proteins from across biology to be efficiently expressed in and purified from E. coli. Indeed, the bulk of x-ray crystal structures are performed on proteins that were produced in this bacterium. Finally, a collection of mutant E. coli strains each deleted for a gene nonessential for growth in a rich medium provides a resource to test the functions of genes from other organisms by assaying their ability to replace the function of an E. coli gene. Key Concepts: E. coli is a preferred host for gene cloning due to the high efficiency of introduction of DNA molecules into cells. E. coli is a preferred host for protein production due to its rapid growth and the ability to express proteins at very high levels. Bacterial conjugation can be used to transfer large DNA fragments from one bacterium to another. E. coli is a preferred host for the study of phage biology due to the detailed knowledge of its nucleic acid and protein biosynthetic pathways. The ability of E. coli to grow on chemically defined media coupled with its extensive genetic toolbox make it a key system in study of bacterial metabolic pathways." @default.
- W1770290784 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1770290784 date "2014-07-15" @default.
- W1770290784 modified "2023-10-03" @default.
- W1770290784 title "<i>Escherichia coli</i> as an Experimental Organism" @default.
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- W1770290784 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0002026.pub2" @default.
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