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• W177286273 abstract "The Second Chance Demonstration Project (SCDP) was a response to the revolving door in the correctional system as evidenced in Fulton County, Georgia. Although thousands of offenders are released from jail every year, to hopefully live productive lives, most of them return to the jail or prison within 3 years of their release. As noted by the Project manager, Marshall-Story, these former inmates return to some of the poorest neighborhoods. Most of the inmates return to their communities needing housing and jobs, challenged by low educational attainment, and most often, a history of substance abuse and/or mental health problems (Fulton County Second Chance Program Policy and Procedure Manual, 2012). In response to the ubiquity of this phenomenon, the SCDP put in place the Therapeutic Community model with the intent to reduce recidivism among the inmates of Fulton County jail. The intervention was introduced during the in penal phase and included post penal components. The inmates were provided with treatment for their substance abuse/mental health challenges, cognitive restructuring was attempted via cognitive behavior therapy and the in penal daily schedule included skill building related to key components (e.g., coping strategies, anger management, education, parenting skills), to hopefully contribute to a successful and productive transition into the community. During the post penal phase, additional support in terms of housing, education, treatment, and therapy was provided. This article will discuss the impact of the intervention and provide an evaluation of the factors associated with client progress and retention in this SCDP of Fulton County, Georgia. Theoretical and Empirical Framework Therapeutic Community Therapeutic Communities (TC) are based on the theoretical foundation of social learning theories. Specifically, the foundation synthesizes Attribution theory (Kelley, 1967) and Self-determination Theory (SDT). According to the attribution theory, social conformity can result in motivational blocks such as the self-fulfilling prophecy whereby individuals will act to conform with social expectations. SDT on the other hand, explains the role of the context which frames and impacts motivational processes and psychological development. It is expected that strengthening the factors contrary to those associated with recidivism will enable the participants to attribute their challenges to realistic and obtainable goals and the SDT will energize the motivational processes and psychological development towards these attainable goals and objectives. The TC is also grounded in the basic tenets of social learning theory (Bandura, 2002) namely self-efficacy, self-regulation, and moral disengagement. Self-efficacy was expected to provide the confidence in one's ability to achieve the long-term goals, which are self- regulated. Moral disengagement on the other hand included changing the way one thinks and aligning ones thinking with a moral standard which is contrary to anti-social behaviors. Another theoretical framework that the expected outcomes of the TC were built upon is the Hierarchy of Needs theory of motivation proposed by Maslow (1943). Satisfaction of the basic lower order needs (safety, security, physiological) was expected to result in motivation toward attaining higher order needs--self-esteem, love and belongingness, and self-actualization. In the context of the Fulton County jail inmates in the SCDP, the intervention was expected to alleviate the personal and environmental challenges and thereby facilitate behaviors contrary to their past criminal activities. Client Progress and Retention in Therapeutic Communities Researchers have investigated the impact of TCs on client outcomes. Factors associated with client retention and psychosocial outcomes have been identified. Newberry and Shuker (2011) recognized that there were some traits that moderated the relationships between the impact of the TC and psychological and cognitive measures. …" @default.
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• W177286273 date "2014-03-01" @default.
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• W177286273 title "Factors Associated with Client Progress and Retention: Second Chance Demonstration Project" @default.
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