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- W1779904022 abstract "ABSTRACT The viscoelastic properties of kpejigaou were evaluated, with the goal of standardizing the process. A factorial design with temperature (130, 200 and 270C) and time (5, 7.5 and 10 min) was followed to process kpejigaou. Griddled samples were subjected to compression–relaxation tests using a TA-XT2 Texture Analyzer. Kpejigaou exhibited the properties of viscoelastic solid material at all griddling conditions. The generalized Maxwell and Peleg–Normand models showed the most satisfactory fit (R2 > 98%) to stress data. Products made at higher griddling temperatures for longer times experienced higher moisture loss, were more rigid and dissipated energy at a faster rate. The stress–relaxation time was inversely correlated with moisture loss (r = −0.91, P < 0.05) and viscosity (r = −0.85, P < 0.01). The viscoelastic behavior of kpejigaou could be related to the spongy and porous structure of kpejigaou, starch gelatinization and the rate of moisture loss during griddling. Griddling temperature of 170C for 6 min could be recommended for the production of firm and spongy kpejigaou acceptable to the consumers. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Viscoelastic properties provide information that directly relate to textural and mechanical, or deformability characteristics of the product. By their nature, they are fundamental to consumer acceptability of the product. The findings in this study show that the process variables (of heating time and temperature) are directly related to the viscoelastic properties and acceptability of kpejigaou. This provides a basis from which to begin efforts to standardize the kpejigaou process in order to limit batch to batch or processor to processor variation in product quality and acceptability. The findings also provide clues for scale-up criteria for both medium- and large-scale production of kpejigaou." @default.
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- W1779904022 date "2011-01-26" @default.
- W1779904022 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W1779904022 title "VISCOELASTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF KPEJIGAOU: A GRIDDLED COWPEA FOOD" @default.
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- W1779904022 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.2008.00334.x" @default.
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