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• W1782415481 abstract "Microarray technology is expected to initiate a new era in genetic linkage analysis that will facilitate the study of phenotypes of patients and their relatives, providing new impetus and strategies for mapping disease traits. Functional genomics is much more powerful than other techniques in determining mRNA levels—an array can include tens of thousands of probes and can therefore measure the expression of an equivalent number of genes in a single experiment. In this issue of JAPI (page 521526), Rao et al4 report rare and/or previously unknown phenotypes linked to known genes with significant differential expression in Type 2 diabetes subjects. Such studies are essential in a population where the development of disease not only shows exponential growth but also unprecedented prevalence rates. The study, although of great interest also has certain limitations. Minimum biological replicates (n=3) were used in this study, and much variability can be expected in microarray measurements particularly if few samples are used. The heterogeneity in leukocyte sample preparation is another problem. However, given these limitations, it is of great interest that many clinical disorders (previously not associated with clinical diabetes) were associated with genes that are significantly up-regulated in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) of Type 2 diabetes patients and Rao et al are to be congratulated for their excellent contribution to the literature. While our own study5 has shown the association of polymorphisms of FABP2 (fatty acid binding protein 2) and Apolipoprotein C-III (APOC III) genes with metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in Indians, the work by Rao et al4 further substantiate the differential gene expressions of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene and APOC III in Type 2 diabetes patients with dyslipidemia. It is expected that further testing of heterogeneity in diabetes phenotype syndromes may reveal common pathogenic mechanisms and potential candidate genes in the development and progression of Type 2 diabetes. To some extent, gene expression changes in peripheral blood cells distinguish variable diabetes states6 and they Dr. Mohans’ MV Diabetes Specialities Centre and Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai – 600 086. I its search for the causes of Type 2 diabetes, medicine has now advanced to the molecular level. Genomics and proteomics are opening the way to a new and deeper understanding of pathogenesis of diabetes aiming at the development of precise and targeted interventions. One of the most useful strategies in the search for genes underlying complex diseases such as diabetes is to look at candidate genes. These candidate genes are selected on the basis of their known or presumed functions and they are thought to have some plausible role in pathogenesis of the disease. Some of the candidate genes reported to be associated with Type 2 diabetes include: PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptorγ), IRS-1 (insulin receptor substrate 1), KCJN11 (potassium inward rectifier 6.2), SLC2A1 (glucose transporter 1), PPARGC-1 (PPARγ -coactivator-1) and CAPN10 (calpain 10)." @default.
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• W1782415481 date "2005-06-01" @default.
• W1782415481 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1782415481 title "Genomics and proteomics of Type 2 diabetes in Indians." @default.
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