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• W1797457673 abstract "The liberal democratic peace is underpinned by norms such as peaceful conflictresolution, protection of human rights, equality, political representation, goodgovernance and rule of law. It rests on electoral democracy with notions of civilsociety. It is operationalized in a standardized form that leaves little room foralternative approaches to crafting peace (cf. Chopra 2002; Richmond 2009d).Thus the peacebuilding efforts in Bosnia-Herzegovina came to resemble those inEast Timor, Cambodia or Namibia. It became “peace from IKEA: a flat-packpeace made of standard components” to use the words of MacGinty (2008: 148).As a consequence, the peace is not invested with the characteristics of the post-warsociety or localized to fit with local notions of peace. MacGinty has demonstratedthat “the peace delivered on behalf of the liberal democratic peace is often illiberal and undemocratic” (2006: 35). Despite decisive peacebuilding efforts, thenorms and values in the liberal democratic peace package have often failed totake root in post-war societies. One reason is that this liberal notion of peacerarely reflects local understandings of peace, and the voices of citizens are hardlyever heard in politics shaping the peace and the post-peace-accord environment.This tends to create “peace gaps” – shortfalls between elite negotiated peaceaccords and ordinary citizens’ understandings of just peace – which may lead todisillusion, dissatisfaction and eventually a failed peace. Despite a growingawareness of the challenges and obstacles to institutionalize these norms andvalues in war-torn societies, limited efforts are made to assess the appropriatenessof the liberal democratic peace to the existing local post-war reality, and to mapout ways and means of modifying and fine-tuning this international idea of peacewith local understandings.This chapter explores how and why the interplay between global ideas and localagency results in a peace often far removed from the internationally promotedliberal democratic peace. The internationally sponsored Dayton Peace Accordsand the post-Dayton peacebuilding process in Bosnia-Herzegovina provide thebackdrop for the discussion of problems and prospects of localizing a just anddurable peace. Four key concepts guide this analysis of building such a peace inBosnia-Herzegovina. Friction is a concept that captures the diverse and unequalencounters between the global and local agency and ideas that produce newpower relations. Through localization, the chapter explores if and how a peace ofinternational making can be invested with the particular characteristics of the postwar society. By focusing on deliberations based on enhanced dialogue between sections of society that recognize and affirm differences, local articulations of peace areanalysed (cf. Eschle 2002). One challenge is to identify the actors in processes oflocalization and deliberation who may produce a peace that is locality-sensitiveand connects with the everyday. Here, the concept of peace localizers is introducedto capture actors from various segments of society who may deliberate to localizepeace. Attention is focused on women’s agency and women’s representation inthese processes. Women’s groups are usually among the first to call for an end toconflict, yet they are often left out of the official peace negotiations and the formalwork of building peace. Including women in peace localization and deliberation istherefore, if nothing else, a democratic issue, and may eventually engender peace,thereby increase the legitimacy of the peace, and thus create a more gender-justpeace.This chapter unfolds in four parts. First, it provides an overview of a constructivistview on peacebuilding in terms of norm diffusion, and presents a theoreticalframework that critiques the mainstream constructivist interpretations of theinterplay between global ideas and local agency. Second, a critical examinationfollows of the conventional ways and means of anchoring the liberal democraticpeace and its underpinning norms in post-war societies. Third, it examines thechallenges of investing the internationally designed peace with the particularcharacteristics of the post-war reality through local deliberations in order to constructa peace that resonates with local communities. Finally, it concludes by recognizingthat exclusive elite negotiations and a ballot-box approach to democratic participation are insufficient to localize peace. Instead, broad local participation anddeliberative approaches to peacebuilding may provide citizens in post-conflictsocieties with an avenue to articulate political and civic commitments to lastingpeace in terms that are both embedded in local culture/s and imbued withinternational norms." @default.
• W1797457673 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1797457673 date "2012-09-10" @default.
• W1797457673 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W1797457673 title "Deliberating and localizing just peace" @default.
• W1797457673 doi "https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203106884-12" @default.
• W1797457673 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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