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• W18087797 abstract "An investigation on the prevalence and incidence of calf mortality and morbidity and on associated risk factors was conducted on 48 purposely selected dairy farms in Hwassa town. A total of 140 calves from all selected farms were recorded and longitudinally monitored from September, 2007 to April, 2008 for major health problems and associated risk factors. The overall crude morbidity and crude mortality rates were 29.3% and 9.3%, respectively. The most frequent disease syndrome was diarrhea with incidence rates of 10% followed by septicemia (6.4%) and Gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) disorder (5.4%). In addition skin lesion, traumatic injury, pneumonia and unidentified cases were encountered. The main causes of deaths were diarrhea (2.9%), Septicemia (2.1%), GIT disorder (1.4%), pneumonia (0.7%), accidental loss (0.7%) and unidentified causes (1.4). The most important risk factors associated with morbidity were housing condition, use of bedding materials, farm size and calf sex. Whereas, important risk factors associated with mortality were floor conditions, calf housing and farm size. Out of 138 calves examined for GIT parasites, 56.5% (95% CI = 48.1 64.9%) were positive for nematode eggs, out of which 2.2% had ascaris eggs. The mean EPG count was found to be 2347 + 633. In addition, 58% of the calves were positive for coccidia oocyst even at earlier age than for nematode. Prevalence of helminthes and coccidia was found to significantly increase with increasing age (P <0.05). In most farms, calves were given fresh grass in addition to frequent interaction with adult animals which possibly predisposed the animals to infection. In conclusion poor hygienic conditions, calf housing especially flour conditions, and calf factors were identified as major risk factors for disease occurrence and mortality. Thus, improving management practices including hygienic conditions and animal health care are recommended to alleviate the health problems of smallholder dairy calves with subsequent improvement of survival rate." @default.
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• W18087797 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W18087797 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W18087797 title "Prevalence and incidence rates of calf morbidity and mortality and associated risk factors in smallholder dairy farms in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia." @default.
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