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- W182017728 abstract "To better define the effect of fuel composition on benzene emissions from current production vehicles, the evaporative and exhaust emissions from five current model vehicles equipped with representative emission control systems were studied. Fuels consisting of two aromatic levels and four benzene concentrations were tested in the above vehicles. Benzene and regulated emissions were measured in each test segment. Benzene content and the detailed hydrocarbon (HC) compositions of the fuels were also measured. In addition to the evaporative and exhaust emissions, engine-out and tailpipe-out emissions were measured simultaneously as a means of assessing the on-board catalyst conversion efficiency of benzene. Conclusions are as follows: Head space, evaporative and exhaust emission results reported as benzene, wt % in HC, increase linearly with increasing fuel benzene. Measurable benzene evaporative emissions occurred with benzene-free fuel due to desorption of benzene captured by the canister from previous test fuels. Benzene exhaust emissions occurred with benzene-free fuel due to production of benzene from precursors in the combustion process. Total vehicular benzene emission rates increased about 4 mg/mile for an increase of 1 vol % fuel benzene. Exhaust benzene emission rates increased by about 4 mg/mile for 15 vol % fuel aromatic differential. Vehicular sources ofmore » benzene emissions averaged about 70% exhaust, 20% evaporative, and 10% refueling for 1.5 vol % benzene fuel. Catalyst conversion efficiency results showed benzene conversion ranged from 74 to 95% and HC conversion ranged from 82 to 91% over the five vehicles. The evaporative benzene carry-over study showed that evaporative benzene emissions are directly affected by the composition of prior test fuels for as many as three prior tests.« less" @default.
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- W182017728 date "1986-04-01" @default.
- W182017728 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W182017728 title "Vehicle evaporative and exhaust emissions as influenced by benzene content of gasoline. Final report" @default.
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