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• W182830501 abstract "Molecular diagnostics has gained important central role in the healthcare recentlydue to its ability to detect diseases early, stratify patients for treatment and rendertreatment success. A major milestone in molecular diagnostics occurred in theearly 1990s with the transition of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technologiesfrom research laboratory to the clinical laboratory. However, due to thesophistication of the PCR devices and supporting instruments, the PCRtechnology found little impact in developing countries such as African continent,Indian sub continent and South East Asian countries. The PCR tests involve thehigh cost of equipments and reagents and require specialised laboratories toconduct this type of diagnostics. Even with the relatively advanced technologiesdeveloped for PCR, there are still some imminent drawbacks to performance ofthese devices. The devices lack speed in providing results, ability to performmulti disease/sample amplification, miniaturisation and portability.One of the important components of any PCR device is the temperature controlmethod. It basically determines the rate of performing the PCR experiments andalso multi disease amplification capability. Current methods utilised in the marketare comparatively fast and efficient, but they are not capable to performamplification of multi diseases. In this thesis, PCR devices will be developed toprovide affordable apparatus for disadvantaged people from developingcountries. These devices are portable and capable of detecting multiple diseasesrapidly in a single experiment.Two new PCR prototypes were developed. The first PCR device makes use of thehybrid technology of the stationary chamber and continuous flow PCR devicesintroduced in previous research. This method basically shuttles the samples insidea microfluidic chip to the three different temperature zones required for PCR(oscillating flow concept). The temperatures are kept static for each zone in thismethod. A glass chip with microfluidic channels was etched and sealed to provide a closed chamber PCR device. The results show a good improvement inthe amplification rate and duration of the sampl es. The reagent volume used wasreduced to nearly 25% of that used in conventional PCR methods. Bubbleformation and absorption issues commonly associated with chip based PCR weresolved.ln the second design, a more robust and effective PCR was designed, fabricatedand tested. The design incorporates the advantages of the stationary chamber,continuous flow and also the oscillating flow concept. Instead of flowing thesample to the different static temperature zones using an external pump, thisinnovative design simply moves the samples in a chamber by using a novel rotaryand linear motion system. The advantages of this method are that temperature ofeach chamber can be controlled individually which provides multi diseaseamplification (chip based multiplexing), fast results and improved portability.The device has successfully amplified three different diseases with differentannealing temperatures in one experiment. The cartridge type PCR chips madefrom polymer materials are cheap to fabricate and are disposable. A multichannel temperature control device is also introduced to accurately control up tosixteen heaters individually. The innovative but simple design and fabricationhave the ability to perform multi disease amplification by individually controllingthe temperature of the heaters.To develop PCR devices have several advantages over conventional bench topsystems, including an overall reduction in size, reduced use of reagents,decreased power requirements, increased speed and accuracy of analysis,increased portability for field use, and also chip based multiplexing capability." @default.
• W182830501 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W182830501 creator A5041074719 @default.
• W182830501 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W182830501 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W182830501 title "Design, Fabrication And Evaluation Of Universal Polymerase Chain Reaction Devices" @default.
• W182830501 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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