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• W1834555038 abstract "Growing Water Martin Felsen and Sarah Dunn The Growing Water project addresses a report from the United Nations that two out of three people in the world will face water shortages by 2025, a situation that will inev- itably lead to global conflict. Access to clean water is fun- damental to the lives of healthy human beings. While the United States is by and large considered to have adequate water resources, water scarcity and droughts occur regu- larly throughout the country. Water shortages are even routinely reported in cities adjacent to the Great Lakes, which hold 20 percent of the Earth’s fresh water and 95 percent of the fresh water in the United States. Global climate change as well as local environmental issues is an additional concern to those in charge of fresh water resources in Chicago and the Great Lakes basin. In April 2007, a United Nations climate panel gave notice that continued climate change “could diminish North American water supplies and trigger dispute between the United States and Canada over water reserves already stressed by industry and agriculture.” Even in the com- paratively water-rich Great Lakes region, global warming could create “more frequent droughts, urban flooding and a scramble for water from the Great Lakes, which border both the United States and Canada.” The Growing Water project conceptualizes unprece- dented uses of local water relative to local land use and land conservation, and envisions ways that Chicago can become an model for addressing urban water scarcity and pollu- tion. In the very near future, clean water will be both the Chicago region’s, and the world’s, most valuable resource: the new oil. The Facts of Water in Chicago A subcontinental ridge separates most of Chicago from its suburbs: all surface and groundwater east of the divide naturally flows into Lake Michigan; all surface and ground- water west of the divide flows toward the Mississippi River and ultimately the Gulf of Mexico. With this split in mind, the Growing Water project was inspired by three historic Chicago engineering feats: the reversal of the Chicago River, the Deep Tunnel, and the city’s boulevards and parks. The Chicago River. In 1892, ground was broken for the 28-mile Chicago Drainage Canal (also known as the Sani- tary and Ship Canal). At 25 feet in depth and 306 feet at Above: Montage showing the location of new eco-boulevards in the Chicago area. Photo by Michelle Litvin. Opposite: Maps showing the location of the subcontinental divide to the west of Chicago and the major drainages of the continental U.S. it widest point, it was larger than the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal. New machines to move earth were invented to complete the project, establishing the “Chicago School of Earth Moving.” On January 2, 1900, Chicagoans awoke to discover that the flow of the Chicago River had been perma- nently reversed, away from Lake Michigan, making the river the first to flow away from its mouth. 1 The Deep Tunnel. In the 1970s, a team of engineers sought to solve the persistent problem of flooding and water pol- lution in Chicago. Their solution was one of the largest engineering schemes ever proposed: a 109-mile system of huge underground tunnels that would intercept combined sewer and stormwater overflow in the city and convey it to Felsen and Dunn / Growing Water" @default.
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• W1834555038 date "2008-09-15" @default.
• W1834555038 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
• W1834555038 title "Mitigation, Adaptation, Uncertainty -- Growing Water" @default.
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