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- W1836695475 abstract "Illicit drugs, such as cocaine, are known to increase the likelihood and severity of HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). In the current studies synaptic integrity was assessed following exposure to low concentrations of the HIV-1 viral protein Tat 1-86B, with or without cocaine, by quantifying filamentous actin (F-actin) rich structures (i.e., puncta and dendritic spines) on neuronal dendrites in vitro. In addition, the synapse-protective effects of either R-Equol (RE) or S-Equol (SE; derivatives of the soy isoflavone, daidzein) were determined. Individually, neither low concentrations of HIV-1 Tat (10 nM) nor low concentrations of cocaine (1.6 μM) had any significant effect on F-actin puncta number; however, the same low concentrations of HIV-1 Tat + cocaine in combination significantly reduced dendritic synapses. This synaptic reduction was prevented by pre-treatment with either RE or SE, in an estrogen receptor beta dependent manner. In sum, targeted therapeutic intervention with SE may prevent HIV-1 + drug abuse synaptopathy, and thereby potentially influence the development of HAND." @default.
- W1836695475 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1836695475 date "2015-09-08" @default.
- W1836695475 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
- W1836695475 title "HIV-1 Tat and cocaine mediated synaptopathy in cortical and midbrain neurons is prevented by the isoflavone Equol" @default.
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- W1836695475 doi "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00894" @default.
- W1836695475 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4561964" @default.
- W1836695475 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26441850" @default.
- W1836695475 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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