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- W183735432 abstract "relapse. Such cues include proximal cues of smoking (e.g., a lit cigarette) and distal cueslike negative affect and alcohol consumption. Cue reactivity methods assess reaction tocues (usually proximal cues), and have been criticized for assessing only craving andnot smoking. We present a study of reactivity to a range of cues, assessing smokingas well as craving responses. We also examine gender differences, as it has beensuggested that women’s smoking is more related to cues. In separate sessions, 207smokers were exposed to visual images relevant to 6 sets of cues (total 1225 sessions):smoking, negative affect, positive affect, alcohol, non-smoking (e.g., no-smoking signs),and neutral cues. Craving (QSU) was assessed pre- and post- exposure. Subjects werethen permitted to smoke, while cue exposure continued, and smoking topography wasassessed. Compared to neutral cues, exposure to smoking cues increased craving,and positive affect decreased craving. Alcohol cues increased craving only amongdrinkers. Negative affect and non-smoking cues had no effect. Post-cue craving was astrong predictor of smoking, predicting whether a subject smoked, latency to smoking,number of puffs, puff duration, and carbon monoxide boost. Moreover, the increase incraving pre- to post-cue exposure significantly predicted subsequent smoking, over andabove pre-cue craving. These effects were strong: e.g., for every 1-point increase ona 49-point craving scale, the risk of smoking over time (survival analysis) increased12%. However, there were no differences across cues in subsequent smoking behavior,suggesting that idiosyncratic craving responses, rather than specific cue effects, drovesmoking. The findings confirm the importance of cues in craving, and of craving insmoking, but suggest that cues may not drive smoking in laboratory settings. Therewere no gender differences on any outcome, contradicting the hypothesized role of cuesin women’s smoking." @default.
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- W183735432 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W183735432 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W183735432 title "Craving and Smoking in response to diverse cues" @default.
- W183735432 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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