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- W183750345 abstract "The goal of the Plutonium Immobilization Program is the immobilization of surplus weapons usable plutonium in a ceramic form. The ceramic will then be encapsulated in high level waste glass using the can-in-can configuration. In the ceramic line of the immobilization plant, surplus plutonium oxide of less than 100 micron particle size will be received for immobilization. The plutonium oxide must be sized reduced and intimately blended with uranium oxide and the other ceramic forming materials containing neutron poisons to allow for complete interaction during sintering. Once properly blended, the formulation will be pressed into the desired ceramic form and then sintered to produce the targeted mineral phases. The equipment of choice for the size reduction of the actinides and the blending with the precursor materials is the Union Process attritor mill. The attritor mill is best described as a stirred ball mill and consists of a stationary tank filled with grinding media that is agitated by a shaft with stirring arms. The rotational shaft stirs the media at high-speed causing shearing and impact forces on the material resulting in size reduction and dispersion. Speeds over 1000 rpm can be reached by the stirring shaft. The high-speed of the attritormore » mill imparts a large amount of energy to the feed powder. This high energy dramatically reduces the time required to mill/blend from hours to minutes. Another advantage of the equipment is that operations are performed completely dry. Powder is discharged from the attritor by opening a discharge valve containing a slotted screen. Process and equipment tests have been run using cerium as a chemical substitute for the actinides. Substitution of cerium oxide allows the proper ceramic phases to form during sintering. Though cerium is a good chemical surrogate for the actinides, it does not provide an adequate surrogate to represent the physical properties of the actinide oxides. Therefore, manganese oxide has been used for a grinding surrogate. Manganese oxide was used since it has the same structure and approximately the same hardness.« less" @default.
- W183750345 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W183750345 date "2000-02-14" @default.
- W183750345 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W183750345 title "Milling and blending of ceramic powders for the plutonium immobilization program" @default.
- W183750345 hasPublicationYear "2000" @default.
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