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• W1844257600 abstract "On October 8, 2008, the United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution 63/3, requesting the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to render an advisory opinion on the question: Is the unilateral declaration of independence by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government (PISG) of Kosovo in accordance with international law?The question posed to the Court raises a number of significant issues and provides the Court an opportunity to bring clarity to areas of international law that are fraught with ambiguity. Perhaps nowhere else in international law is the border between the legal and the political as difficult to discern as it is in the realm of the creation and recognition of states. A significant issue raised by the letter from the Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was whether “Kosovo” would be permitted to take part in the proceedings. Kosovo’s claim to have successfully become a new state potentially implicates a wide range of international legal issues. However, the relatively narrow formulation of the question actually referred to the ICJ may mean that few of these issues will ultimately be addressed by the Court. Read broadly, the question could entail consideration of the legality of Kosovo’s purported secession, the competence of the PISG under international law, whether the attempted secession was successful, whether ensuing acts of recognition were lawful, and the legal effects of the acts of recognition. International law has very little to say about the legality of secession. This neutrality derives largely from the principle of non-intervention. What then of the principle of territorial integrity? At first glance, Kosovo would seem to meet the Montevideo criteria. However, the application of the criteria is complicated by the unique circumstances in which Kosovo has evolved over the past nine years. In particular, closer scrutiny is warranted with regard to the claim that Kosovo has an independent government in effective control. The necessary level of control is context-dependent. As such, the Court may have to decide whether the necessary degree of control must be established in absolute terms, or relative to the level of control retained by the parent state. This could then lead to an inquiry as to the relevance of external support.In addition to the rules discussed above, the Kosovo situation is also governed by the lex specialis of Resolution 1244. Thus, another step in the legal analysis is to consider whether and to what extent the legal situation has been altered by its terms. The Court could choose to focus on the narrower issue of the competence of the PISG to declare independence. It could be argued that the PISG are also a creation of resolution 1244, and as such are similarly bound by it, and are therefore obliged to refrain from promoting or striving toward independence. Nonetheless, this would not necessarily mean that Kosovo’s secession was not successful. Even if the PISG could be said to have violated 1244, this does not mean that the purported secession was legally ineffective. It could also be argued that the PISG ceased to be the PISG upon declaring independence, or that they acted simultaneously in the capacity of a separatist government." @default.
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• W1844257600 date "2009-02-16" @default.
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• W1844257600 title "Introductory Note to General Assembly Resolution Requesting an ICJ Advisory Opinion on the Unilateral Declaration of Independence of Kosovo, and Related Documents" @default.
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