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• W1846722164 abstract "The population genetic structure of species may be determined by complex interactionsamong many ecological, evolutionary and genetic processes. I investigated thepopulation genetic structure of coral reef fishes on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR),Australia to better understand how these various processes may interact in a naturalsystem. I firstly examined the spatial genetic structure of a low dispersal species todetermine if its genetic structure varied among spatial scales and among regions locatedin the centre and on the periphery of its distributional range. I then examined thepopulation genetic structure of species with different dispersal potentials and amongspecies sampled at central and peripheral locations in their species range.Using mtDNA control region sequences and three microsatellite loci, I examinedthe spatial genetic structure of a direct developing coral reef fish, Acanthochromispolyacanthus, with comparatively low dispersal rates. The spatial genetic structure ofthis species was scale-dependent with evidence of isolation-by-distance among regions,but not within regions. Very strong genetic structure was detected among reefs withinregions consistent with a metapopulation model. Pairwise genetic distances increasedfrom offshore and older populations, to inshore and younger ones, supporting ametapopulation propagule-pool model of colonisation. Genetic diversities, mismatch,and coalescence analyses all identified large variation in the demographic history of thisspecies among populations and regions. Evidence of genetic bottlenecks was detectedby mismatch analysis in the majority of populations sampled, but in most populationsthese bottlenecks appeared to be older since genetic diversities and coalescence basedpopulation growth estimates did not indicate recent genetic bottlenecks. In contrast,three populations displayed low genetic diversities and large population growth ratesindicating a more recent genetic bottleneck. Reductions in genetic diversities of localpopulations resulted in overall lower genetic diversity and a higher regional expansionrate in the southern region located towards the distributional margin of this species. Inall, these results suggest that A. polyacanthus exists as a metapopulation within regionson the GBR and that metapopulation dynamics may differ among regions located in thecentre and on the periphery of this species.The pelagic larval duration (PLD) can both affect and record the ecology andevolution of coral reef fishes and emerging evidence suggests that this trait displaysconsiderable intraspecific variation. Here I present new estimates of PLD for ten speciesof Pomacentridae and two species of Gobiidae, and coupled with previously publishedestimates, examine spatial and temporal variation of PLDs within and among thesespecies. In eight of the twelve species examined here, within-population mean PLDsdiffered between sampling times, locations within regions, and among regions. Incontrast, the range of these same PLD estimates overlapped at all spatial and temporalscales examined in eleven of the twelve species, but not between regions in one species(Amphiprion melanopus). Therefore, despite tight error estimates typically associatedwith estimates of PLD taken from a particular population at a particular time in sometaxa, the overlapping ranges in PLD reported here indicate that the length of the pelagiclarval phase is a much more plastic trait than previously appreciated.Pelagic larval duration (PLD) is a commonly used proxy for dispersal potentialin coral reef fishes. Here I examine the relationship between PLD, genetic structure andgenetic variability in coral reef fishes from one family (Pomacentridae) that differ inmean larval duration by more than a month. Genetic structure was estimated in eightspecies using a mitochondrial molecular marker (control region) and in a sub-set of fivespecies using nuclear molecular markers (ISSRs). Estimates of genetic differentiationwere similar among species with pelagic larvae, but differed between molecularmarkers. The mtDNA indicated no structure while the ISSR indicated some structurebetween the sampling locations. I detected a relationship between PLD and geneticstructure using both markers. These relationships, however, were caused by a singlespecies, Acanthochromis polyacanthus, which differs from all the other speciesexamined here in lacking a larval phase. With this species excluded, there was norelationship between PLD and genetic structure using either marker. Genetic diversitieswere generally high in all species and did not differ significantly among species andlocations. Nucleotide diversity and total heterozygosity were negatively related tomaximum PLD, but again, these relationships were caused by A. polyacanthus anddisappeared when this species was excluded from these analyses. These genetic patternsare consistent with moderate gene flow among well-connected locations and indicatethat at this phylogenetic level (i.e., within family) the duration of the pelagic larvalphase is not the primary factor affecting patterns of genetic differentiation.Using mtDNA (control region) and nuclear (ISSR) markers, I investigated thepopulation genetic structure of three congeneric species pairs of pomacentrid coral reeffishes (Pomacentridae) in the context of species’ borders theory. This theory predicts that population located on the periphery of the species’ range should be smaller andmore fragmented and hence, display stronger genetic structure and lower geneticdiversities compared to more centrally located populations. Each species pair consistedof one species sampled at two central locations within its geographic range, and anotherspecies sampled at the same locations but which constituted one location toward thecentre of its range and another close to its edge. Contrary to expectations from theory, Idid not find the predicted border effects in the population genetic structure of thespecies examined. Gene flow estimates did not differ among central and peripheralspecies. Genetic diversities were not lower in peripheral populations compared tocentral populations or in species sampled towards the periphery compared to thosesampled in the centre of their ranges. Indeed, genetic diversities were much greater inthe peripheral species compared to their central counterparts. The distribution of geneticvariation indicated that secondary contact among differentiated lineages may, in part, beresponsible for the high genetic diversity in these peripheral species. Elevated mutationrates mediated by environmental stress on the species’ margin may have contributedfurther genetic variability in these species." @default.
• W1846722164 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1846722164 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W1846722164 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1846722164 title "The population genetic structure of coral reef fishes on theGreat Barrier Reef" @default.
• W1846722164 hasPublicationYear "2005" @default.
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