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• W187812603 abstract "In recent years, a new housing system called an evaporative cooling housing system (EVAP) or tunnel ventilation, has been introduced to improve the microclimate for livestock production in regions with hot climates. No comprehensive study on the variations in temperature and humidity in pig stables with conventional open–air housing systems (CONV) or EVAP housing systems have been performed. The aim of this present thesis is to investigate and describe the influence of (1) housing systems (CONV, EVAP), season, temperature, humidity, age and collection interval, on sperm production and sperm morphology of boars, as well as the fertility results of sows, inseminated with semen collected from boars kept in the CONV and the EVAP systems, and (2) of season, temperature, humidity, parity number and lactation length on the reproductive performance of the sows. The study is based on information collected from 11 herds, during the period January 2001 until June 2002. Six of these herds used the CONV system and five herds had the EVAP system for the boars. All herds had a conventional open–air housing system for the sows. Duroc boars and crossbred sows (Landrace x Yorkshire) were present in all herds and the analyses were restricted to data on these categories of animals. Ejaculates were collected from boars during the period January 2001 to February 2002. Reproductive data were recorded in the herd–monitoring programs, from January 2001 to June 2002. Temperature and humidity were recorded on a daily basis, in one boar stable and in one farrowing stable, in each of the five EVAP herds and in one boar stable in each of the six CONV herds, from January 2001 to February 2002. The analyses of ejaculate volume and total sperm numbers per ejaculate (TSP) were done on 15,630 ejaculates. 1,176 ejaculates were morphologically examined and included in the statistical analyses. There were 43,875 farrowing records included in the statistical analyses. Analysis of variance was applied to the data. There was a higher diurnal variation and range over the year for both temperature and humidity in the CONV system compared to the EVAP system. The average maximum temperature was lower and the average minimum humidity was higher in the EVAP system, than in the CONV system. There was no overall difference in sperm production and sperm morphology between boars kept in the CONV and the EVAP housing systems. During parts of the year, differences between systems in sperm production and sperm morphology were observed. There was a significant effect of the collection month, the age of the boar and the collection interval on both volume and TSP. Temperature had a significant negative effect on the ejaculate volume and TSP in both housing systems. Humidity had a significant negative effect on both the ejaculate volume and TSP in the EVAP system. There was a significant seasonal effect (2–month periods) on the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa (normal1), proximal cytoplasmic droplets (prox) and sperm head abnormalities. Temperature had a significant negative effect on normal1 and prox in both systems. Humidity had a significant negative effect on prox in the EVAP system. The housing system of boars had no significant effect on any of the reproductive variables analyzed. Season (2–month periods) as well as parity number had a significant effect on all the reproductive variables analyzed. A longer previous lactation had a significant and favourable effect on subsequent litter size and weaning–to–first–service interval. There were indications that high temperature and high humidity (recorded at herd level) at weaning/mating and at farrowing had negative effects on the later litter size, but these negative influences were not consistent. An EVAP housing system might be one way to reduce the variations that occur over the year in sperm production and sperm morphology, and it may also improve the reproductive performance of sows under tropical conditions." @default.
• W187812603 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W187812603 creator A5087420989 @default.
• W187812603 date "2005-10-01" @default.
• W187812603 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W187812603 title "Herd investigations on sperm production in boars, and sow fertility under tropical conditions - with special reference to season, temperature, and humidity" @default.
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