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- W191237097 abstract "Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play critical roles in host defense by recognizing specific molecular patterns from a wide variety of pathogens. Using a small set of adaptor proteins TLR engagement leads to the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factors (IRFs). This results in the upregulation of downstream target genes including an array of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and interferon-responsive genes. In macrophages TLR signaling also induces autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular response to starvation that helps remove damaged organelles and long-lived proteins from the cytosol. It also has a cytoprotective function helping to limit the replication of intracellular pathogens. Many pathogens target the autophagy pathway to thwart its effectiveness. This review focuses on how TLRs can activate autophagosome formation in macrophages and briefly reviews the role of autophagy in innate immunity." @default.
- W191237097 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W191237097 date "2015-01-01" @default.
- W191237097 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W191237097 title "Toll-Like Receptors Serve as Activators for Autophagy in Macrophages Helping to Facilitate Innate Immunity" @default.
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- W191237097 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801032-7.00011-3" @default.
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