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• W191497260 abstract "A 38-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with headache, a 5-day history of dizziness, and a 2- to 3-day history of nausea/vomiting. The patient denied fever, photophobia, and neck stiffness. Past medical history was significant for HIV infection diagnosed 7 years ago and AIDS onset 6 years ago with an episode of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Baseline IgG and IgM levels for Toxoplasma gondii were 19.2 mg/dL and 0.25 mg/dL, respectively. The patient was noncompliant with both her antiretroviral regimen and prophylaxis regimen for P. jiroveci and T. infections. On examination, the patient was febrile, alert, awake, and oriented. There were no signs of meningeal irritation. Examination of the fundus revealed bilateral papilledema. The remainder of the examination was normal. Complete blood count and serum electrolytes were normal. CD4+ count was 15 cells/µL, and the most recent viral load was approximately 300,000 copies/mL. Computed tomography (CT) of the head without contrast showed a space-occupying lesion in the bilateral temporoparietal regions. CT of the head with contrast subsequently showed bilateral temporoparietal brain masses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with contrast demonstrated ring-enhancing lesions with adjacent edema in the bilateral temporoparietal regions (Figure 1 ). Laboratory testing revealed serum antitoxoplasma IgG and IgM antibody levels of 162.3 mg/dL and 0.3 mg/dL, respectively. Based on laboratory results and imaging studies, a presumptive diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis due to reactivation of previous infection was made. The patient received a 200-mg loading dose of pyrimethamine and was placed on a regimen containing pyrimethamine (75 mg/day), sulfadiazine (1500 mg 4 times daily), and leucovorin (10 mg/day). On day 2 of treatment, the patient’s symptoms began to improve. After 5 days, she was completely asymptomatic and was discharged. Treatment was continued for 6 weeks, and the patient was subsequently prescribed pyrimethamine 50 mg/day, sulfadiazine 2 g/day, and leucovorin 10 mg/day orally for secondary prophylaxis against Toxoplasma. The patient was restarted on her antiretroviral regimen 2 weeks after discharge. Repeat MRI of the brain with contrast 1 month after the diagnosis showed that the lesion in the left temporoparietal lobe had resolved completely, while the lesion on the right side had decreased in size (Figure 2 )." @default.
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• W191497260 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W191497260 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W191497260 title "Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in Adult Patients with HIV Infection" @default.
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