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- W1919810461 abstract "A new type of gold deposit is described for the Amazon Craton, in the Carajas greenstone belt province. Instead of mesothermal mylonite-hosted lodes or exhalative deposits already recognized in the Carajas Province, the Cumuru gold deposit is hosted by a calc-alkaline 2.82 Ga granodiorite pluton of volcanic arc affiliation. The Cumaru granodiorite is intruded in the horse-tail dilation sites of a shear zone that crosscuts the volcano-sedimentary mylonitic rocks of the Archean Gradaus greenstone belt. The Cumaru gold-bearing quartz veins lie along NE-SW trending fractures at the NW edge of the granodiorite pluton where disseminated ore in a stockwork array of veinlets is associated with the main lodes in a groundmass of hydrothermal phyllic alteration. Three kinds of fluids were identified in the Cumaru quartz veins. An aquo-carbonic fluid, immiscible at the time of ore formation, is interpreted as a metamorphic fluid related to shear zone. The second type of fluid comprises brines within the H2O-NaCl-KCl-CaCl2 system, interpreted as derived from the granodiorite residual fluids. The third fluid is a low-salinity meteoric water. The T-P conditions for the gold deposition constrained by the hydrothermal chlorite geothermometer and isochors calculated from the fluid inclusions microthermometric data. Values range from 300 to 350°C and 1.3 to 3.8kb. The low fO2 values of the ore fluids and the gold-sulfide paragenesis suggest that sulfur was in reduced state at the time of ore formation, conditions that favor gold transport as thiocomplexes. Two gold deposition events have been identified in the Cumaru deposit, both related with oxidation of the ore fluids. Initially oxidation was caused by immiscibility of the aquo-carbonic fluid and by wallrock sulfidation with decrease in fSa of the ore fluids. Subsequent mixing between aquo-carbonic fluid and aqueous brines brought about additional oxidation of the ore fluids with increase in fO2 and decrease in pH, favoring gold precipitation. Stable isotope data place important constraints on the source of the ore fluids: δ18O and δD values support the mixing between metamorphic and magmatic water and the δ 13 C data are consistent with mantle-derived carbonic fluids. The cumulative geological, structural, geochemical, fluid inclusions and isotopic data of the Cumaru gold deposit are similar both to Archean greenstone-hosted lode gold deposits that occur in shear zones and to porphyry-style mineralizations typical of Phanerozoic magmatic arcs. Such a situation suggests that both shear zone activation and granodiorite intrusion were involved in the genesis of the Cumaru mesothermal gold deposit, with is here assigned to a new classification of lode-porphyry gold deposit." @default.
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- W1919810461 date "1998-01-01" @default.
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- W1919810461 title "The lode-porphyry model as dediced from the Camaru mesothermal granitoid-hosted gold deposit, southern Pará, Brazil" @default.
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- W1919810461 doi "https://doi.org/10.5327/rbg.v28i3.636" @default.
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