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- W192645342 abstract "Robert C. MacArthur!, M.ASCE, Douglas L. Hamilton, M.ASCE, Michael D. Harvey3, M.ASCE and Hudson W. Kekaula, M.ASCE Data and results summarized in this paper show that development of urban projects and design of flood control works in tropical island catchments must consider clear water flooding as well as special hazards such as landslides, flow bulking, high sediment concentrations, mud and debris flows and flow avulsions. The needs for and methods to estimate peak flows, event volumes and the potential extent and depths of flooding during severe storm events in urbanizing tropical environments are described. Introduction During the period from 1965 to 1985, floods were the number one cause of deaths and property damage by natural disasters in the United States (Rubin, et aI., 1986). Deaths and property losses from floods exceeded those caused by other natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis, landslides and volcanoes. These facts surprise many because floods are not usually thought to be significant causes of destruction and loss of life. This lack of public awareness of the potential dangers of floods is itself a problem. Rapidly urbanizing tropical island communities, such as Honolulu, Hawaii, are especially susceptible to flooding problems because of the rate at which urbanization is occurring, the lack of long-term continuous rainfall and runoff records to document past occurrences and the capability of severe tropical storms to produce high intensity, large volume rainfall events in relatively isolated catchments. Traditional clear water hydraulic design procedures for flood control works can lead to undersizing of debris retention facilities by 10 to 100 times and flood conveyance channels by 3 to 10 times depending on event sequencing, the severity of the storm event and geomorphic characteristics of the basin. The New Year's Eve Floods of 1987 in Southeast Oahu are good examples of events that weren't predicted to be excessively large or damaging. However, within a 24 hour period it caused an estimated $35 million in damages to suburban areas. Flood damages resulted from intense localized rainfall (exceeding 22 inches in some areas). Neither the meteorological lVice President. Resource Consultants & Engrs .• 1477 Drew Ave, Suite No.107, Davis, CA 95616, U.s.A. 2 Senior Project Engineer, 15991 Red Hill Avenue. Suite 200, Tustin, CA 92680, U.S.A. 3 Vice President. Resource Consultants & Engrs., P.O. Q. Fort Collins, CO 80522, U.S.A. 4 Project Manager, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Pacific Ocean Division. Building T-1. Fort Shafter. HI 96858, U.S.A. 1061 Published in Hydraulic Engineering: Saving a Threatened Resource—In Search of Solutions: Proceedings of the Hydraulic Engineering sessions at Water Forum ’92. Baltimore, Maryland, August 2–6, 1992. Published by American Society of Civil Engineers. 1062 HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING tracking capabilities nor the present flood control facilities proved adequate to predict or control the flooding. Post flood investigations indicated that excessive runoff was accompanied by landslides and debris flows that all contributed to the failure of the flood control and drainage systems (Dracup, et ai, 1991)." @default.
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- W192645342 date "1992-01-01" @default.
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- W192645342 title "Analyses of Special Hazards and Flooding Problems in Tropical Island Environments" @default.
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