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- W1930483414 abstract "Present recommendations for insulin injections in patients with diabetes are varied and at times controversial. One such recommendation is to inject insulin through the clothing provided the clothes and skin are reasonably clean.1 This practice allows the patient to administer the injection at an appropriate time in almost any place when outside home, with minimal disruption. There are some anecdotal reports2 of this being done successfully without any adverse reaction. However, any scientific evidence comes from a single short-term study1 where no major complication was noted over a period of 20 weeks. Neither the British3 nor the American4 diabetic authorities recommend this practice in their detailed instructions and advice for patients. Standard textbooks5 suggest that people with diabetes may be immunocompromised and prone to infection following minimal trauma.6 Abscesses resulting from insulin injection at injection sites are well-documented.6 Injecting through clothing may pose additional danger by carrying cloth fibres or contaminants from the clothes. A patient is currently being treated in our department whose history clearly demonstrates the risk. The patient is a 40-year-old woman who was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes when she was a teenager. Her physician at the time of diagnosis recommended injecting insulin through her clothing. Initially, she found this practice to be very convenient. She continued with this practice for about four years and discontinued only after the injection sites (her thighs) started to become painful and uncomfortable. She started to use other anatomical areas for the insulin injections directly through skin and had no significant problem for over 15 years. Her glycaemic control had been largely satisfactory over these years and she has not suffered from any other diabetes-related complications. For the last two years she had started to develop abscesses in both thighs which resulted in repeated episodes of poor glycaemic control requiring hospital admission. She also received repeated courses of various antibiotics during these two years. These abscesses presented over the anterior and lateral aspects of both thighs, in the areas where the patient used to administer her insulin injection through the clothing. She did not suffer from any infections or injection-related reactions in any of the current injection sites where she had been injecting directly through the skin. She has had 18 operations so far for drainage of abscesses and debridement and is likely to require more in the course of time (Figure 1). The operative findings have always been subcutaneous pus collection with varying amount of tissue necrosis. Though no foreign material visible to the naked eye has been found, foreign body reaction possibly related to her injection practice was suspected in the absence of any other explanation. Therefore, during the last two operations, debrided tissue was sent for histology and on both occasions this confirmed the presence of intense chronic active inflammatory process with foreign body giant-cell reaction. The patient's right thigh showing the scars from previous abscess drainage and further developing abscesses While one cannot be completely certain or prove that injecting insulin through clothing was responsible for this patient's problems, it seems to be highly likely under the circumstances. Our experience provides a note of caution against this practice. The author thanks Mr JM Porter, Consultant Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgeon, Sandwell General Hospital, Birmingham, for kindly granting permission to report the findings of one of his patients." @default.
- W1930483414 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1930483414 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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- W1930483414 title "Dangers of injecting insulin through clothing in diabetic people" @default.
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- W1930483414 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.896" @default.
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