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• W1930487051 abstract "Understanding the formation of stellar and planetary systems is one of the great challenges of contemporary astrophysics. Stellar evolutionary models are supported by a large volume of observational evidence with which to calibrate models for stars once they reach the main sequence, but models for young stars are not as well constrained. Models for substellar objects such as brown dwarfs and exoplanets are similarly uncertain due to the difficulty of obtaining incisive measurements. Predictions for the location and timing of planet formation differ and are also currently not well constrained. In addition, most detailed numerical modelling of star and planet formation has concentrated on single stars, while it is known that a large fraction of stars form in multiple systems. These problems demonstrate that further observations are needed to test and refine these models, so that we can fully understand the processes behind the formation of stellar systems. This thesis describes progress towards these goals, through advancement of techniques to enable high resolution imaging of faint companions and other structures in the immediate environs of young stars. Future high resolution imaging studies will rely on large segmented telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope, Giant Magellan Telescope, European Extremely Large Telescope and the Thirty Meter telescope. In order to ensure optimal performance, techniques to precisely cophase the mirror segments are required. In this thesis we propose the Fizeau Interferometric Cophasing of Segmented Mirrors algorithm, and present the results of testing both numerically and through experiment. First, we simulate the performance of the technique under realistic noise conditions and present additional strategies to ensure its robustness. We then perform experiments to verify the concepts behind the algorithm and measure its accuracy in a real optical-testbed setting. We use high resolution techniques to rectify a lack of observational evidence with which to test brown dwarf evolutionary models, by laying the foundation for an orbital monitoring survey of 19 brown dwarf binary systems. The results of this survey should greatly expand the number of known model-independent masses for these objects. We also report the discovery of an additional 7 low mass companions to intermediate mass stars. These objects straddle the stellar/sub-stellar boundary and should allow precise mass, luminosity and age information to be obtained following characterisation of their orbits. We perform a Non-Redundant Masking (NRM) survey targeting the 1 Myr old Ophiuchus star forming region. Both binary statistics and the relationship between multiplicity and the presence of a circumstellar disk are explored, providing many results similar to those from older regions. This helps frame the time evolution of effects related to dynamical interactions in binary systems, and the timescale of disk dissipation, with profound implications for giant planet formation." @default.
• W1930487051 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1930487051 creator A5034076043 @default.
• W1930487051 date "2015-04-01" @default.
• W1930487051 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1930487051 title "High Resolution Imaging and the Formation of Stars and Planets" @default.
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