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• W1931373295 abstract "Upton Sinclair's The Jungle enjoyed a peculiar sort of literary success--it was evaluated for its accuracy in reporting the details of packinghouse conditions read by then President Theodore Roosevelt before receiving much popular attention or review as literature. Within four months of publication, it was credited as a primary force behind the first US legislation to protect consumers from adulterated food drugs in June 1906. (1) Sinclair expressed regret that his socialist tome on the plight of immigrant workers inspired protections for consumers instead, writing in a Cosmo article that aimed at the public's heart by accident I hit it in the stomach (Life 591). In one of the most gruesome passages of the book, Sinclair chronicles the diseases that befell each particular class of worker in the packinghouses, ending with and as for the other men, who worked in tank rooms full of steam, in some of which there were open vats near the level of the floor, their peculiar trouble was that they fell into the vats; when they were fished out, there was never enough of them left to be worth exhibiting--sometimes they would be overlooked for days, till all but the bones of them had gone out to the world as Durham's Pure Leaf Lard! (Jungle 111). The public response to The Jungle made it seem as though after reading this disturbing passage, readers looked up from their copies gasped, What if there's human in our lard! This privileging of imagined future consumers--customers to business constituents to government--over workers persists today is built into the very details of daily work in a slaughterhouse. I argue that the distinctions between protectable, killable, manageable bodies are made not merely in legislation but in the daily practices of making death happen, practices which define life death as they are performed. Life death are not clear separate categories in the slaughterhouse: they zig zag, nest, lay on top of one another. Animals are stunned unconscious, but they may wake to consciousness again before losing enough blood to lose consciousness for good. Cells continue respiration long after death, breaking down muscle into meat, or living for days or years in the laboratories that come to collect tissue samples. And from the holding pens to the cooler, the insides outsides of animal bodies teem with microbial life. Timothy Pachirat's 2011 ethnographic account of working in a large Midwestern slaughterhouse is a worthy heir to Sinclair's Jungle a century later. At least on that large industrial kill floor, Pachirat claims, there is no categorical moment where life ends death begins (238). (2) Unlike Sinclair Pachirat, I focus on small slaughterhouses, places where just one or a few butchers a dozen or fewer animals might encounter one another in a day. I find, contrary to Pachirat, that on the small kill floors where I've spent time there is a great investment in categorically separating life from death. In the intimate, multispecies daily practices of doing, the categories of who is killable, who must be protected, whose lifedeaths must be managed are drawn redrawn each day. In this essay I consider two sorts of daily doings on small kill floors: sensing sentience--attempts to determine whether a dying animal can still feel; managing microbes--attempts to control the relative rates of proliferation death of the swarms of invisible critters that live on after the animal dies. In each of these cases, lifedeath plays out as a simultaneous, multidirectional happening, not a clear one-way line with a wall down its middle. In the first half of this essay, I focus on animal-human interactions, describing how slaughterhouse kill floor workers sense gradations of liveliness in the details of animal movements responsiveness. I argue that these practices of sensing sentience disrupt an ontologically messy event of lifedeath, enacting a separation between life death as distinct states of being. …" @default.
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• W1931373295 date "2015-01-01" @default.
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• W1931373295 title "Sensing Sentience and Managing Microbes: Lifedeath in the Slaughterhouse" @default.
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• W1931373295 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/mos.2015.0028" @default.
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