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- W1941038146 abstract "The olive tree (Olea europaeia) is native to countries having a Mediterranean climate (Fernández-Díez 1971, 1983). Olive fruit is a drupe, i.e. a meaty stone fruit (Rommani and Jennings 1971), and is usually an elongated spheroid. Depending on the variety, the weight of the fruit may vary from 3 to 10 g. During ripening, the colour changes from green to purple or black. The pulp is very bitter, especially during maturation, and comprises between 70 to 90% of the fruit, the bitter taste is due to the presence of a substantial quantity of phenolic compounds (Amiot et al. 1986; Vlahov 1992). The mature seed is very tough and elongated. The olive fruit is rich in oil which originates from the pulp; most cultivated olives have an oil content of 22% by fresh weight (Kiritsakis and Markakis 1987). The fruit is the raw material for a variety of products including olive oil and table olives. The preparation of table olives is a complex industrial process which involves fermentation and/or alkali treatment (Fernández-Díez et al. 1985). The pulp of the olive fruit is composed of different tissue types (Fig. 1) and there is a paucity of information on the cell walls of these tissues. A knowledge of the structure and chemical composition of olive cell walls is crucial for a better understanding of the biochemical changes that occur in olives during growth, maturation and processing. This chapter describes methods that can be used for the isolation of relatively pure cell walls from olive pulp and the extraction of cell wall polysaccharides by methods that cause minimum degradation. For detailed structural studies, cell wall material virtually free of intracellular compounds is required. However, for certain practical purposes, an alcohol-insoluble residue (AIR) may suffice, provided the limitations of the preparation are borne in mind. The methods used for the separation and characterization of the polymers are described briefly, with particular reference to some of the more recent developments. The experimental details described below are mainly based on our work on the isolation analysis of cell walls of olive pulp (Coimbra 1993; Coimbra et al. 1994)." @default.
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- W1941038146 date "1996-01-01" @default.
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- W1941038146 title "Isolation and Analysis of Cell Wall Polymers from Olive Pulp" @default.
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- W1941038146 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60989-3_2" @default.
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