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- W1941427863 abstract "Bone mass is a function of bone size and volumetric bone mineral density (BMD) and is a key determinant of bone strength. As recognition of the importance of bone accrual during childhood has increased, so has the demand for non-invasive methods to assess bone mass. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most widely available technique for the assessment of bone mass. In 2007, the International Society of Clinical Densitometry conducted a Pediatric Position Development Conference to address skeletal health assessment in children and adolescents. The guidelines recommended DXA scans as part of a comprehensive skeletal health assessment in patients at increased risk of fracture. Although there is increasing evidence that DXA measures are associated with fractures in children, DXA has important limitations. These include difficulties in interpretation in children with poor growth and delayed maturation, limited ability to distinguish between cortical and trabecular bone, and differences in hardware and software that compromise the generalizability of reference data. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has the advantage that is provides three-dimensional discrete measures of BMD and geometry. Recent years have seen a marked increase in QCT studies to define sex-, race- and age-specific increases in trabecular and cortical BMD and dimensions in healthy children, and to characterize disease effects on trabecular and cortical bone. QCT applications are limited by a lack of standardized measurement sites and protocols. Additional available methods include radiogrammetry, radiographic absorptiometry, and bone ultrasound. This chapter reviews the methods, strengths and limitations of each of these techniques, and highlights examples of applications in children." @default.
- W1941427863 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1941427863 creator A5003740962 @default.
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- W1941427863 date "2012-01-01" @default.
- W1941427863 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W1941427863 title "Non-invasive Techniques for Bone Mass Measurement" @default.
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