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- W194476149 abstract "Over the last 20 years our understanding of the evolutionary origin of Trypanosoma cruzi and other trypanosomes (genus Trypanosoma ) has advanced considerably through the application of molecular phylogenetic methods. Studies employing molecular tools have led to an improved understanding of trypanosome diversity in wildlife across several continents. Genetic methods have also resolved many of the evolutionary relationships among different trypanosome species and between the genus and related trypanosomatid parasites. In combination with knowledge of continental drift and host phylogeography, this knowledge has been used to interpret the evolutionary history of many of these parasites. The most comprehensive studies at the level of the genus have used comparisons of sequences for 18S rRNA and glycosomal glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase ( gGAPDH ) genes. These studies now provide strong evidence that trypanosomes had a single origin (i.e., monophyletic) and that both Trypanosoma and Leishmania evolved vertebrate parasitism independently, and probably from separate monogenetic (single host) trypanosomatid parasites of insects. Trypanosoma cruzi is only distantly related to Trypanosoma brucei , the agent of African human trypanosomiasis, and the two species acquired the ability to parasitize humans independently. T. cruzi falls within the “ T. cruzi clade,” together with trypanosomes from a wide range of mammals from both the Old and New Worlds and a number of species from bats. Evidence suggests that T. cruzi currently found in terrestrial mammals in the New World evolved from within a wider clade of bat trypanosomes. Studies of trypanosome biodiversity and evolution can have practical benefits: they can identify potential sources of novel pathogens, can facilitate the development of diagnostic tools, and can identify vectors and reservoirs of infection." @default.
- W194476149 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W194476149 creator A5060993707 @default.
- W194476149 creator A5069033101 @default.
- W194476149 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W194476149 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W194476149 title "Classification and Phylogeny of Trypanosoma cruzi" @default.
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