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• W194807667 abstract "Arsenic (As) is considered a significant pollutant in neutral-alkaline copper (Cu) tailings, which may be transported off site via seepage and/or runoff from tailings storage facilities. Iron (Fe) oxides and oxyhydroxides, with their high specific surface area and As affinity, play an important role adsorbing inorganic As in contaminated soil and water. In addition, organic matter (OM) and the resulting organic molecules can not only directly influence As chemical forms through competing functional groups of OM (such as phenolic, carboxyl, hydroxyls, etc.), but OM can also catalyse the transformation of Fe-primary minerals into secondary minerals such as Feoxyhydroxides via microbe-mediated processes. At the Ernest Henry Mine (North Queensland, EHM), the Cu ore processing circuit has recently been modified to recover magnetite (Fe3O4) from tailings, which could reduce magnetite concentration in the tailings from 20–30% to as low as 3-5%. However the environmental risks of As mobility in the low magnetite (LM) tailings are yet to be investigated.The present study aimed to investigate the effects of magnetite removal and direct revegetation treatments on As distribution, solubility, and speciation in relation to plant As accumulation in the Cu-tailings. It is hypothesized that the distribution of As into exchangeable and soluble forms may be increased in the low magnetite (LM) tailings, due to the much reduced As adsorption capacity associated with the magnetite and the resultant Fe-oxyhydroxides coating on the surfaces of magnetite following redox processes. In addition, the increased distribution of As into the pore water of the LM tailings may favour As conversion from the inorganic into the organic forms under organic matter amendment and direct revegetation with native grass species. Both LM and high magnetite (HM) tailings were amended with 5% sugarcane residues as a basal treatment to ensure plant survival, in combination with 0, 1 and 5% pine-biochar, in which native grass Red Flinders (Iseilema Vaginiflorum) plants were grown for 4 weeks under glasshouse conditions. Arsenic distribution in the LM and HM tailings was fractionated before and after direct revegetation treatments.The intrinsic As adsorption capacity in the HM tailings was significantly higher than that in the LM. Following the organic matter and direct revegetation treatments, As distribution in the specifically adsorbed and amorphous Fe oxyhydroxide increased  in the LM tailings but declined in the HM tailings, compared to the unamended tailings. Total As concentration in the pore water of LM tailings increased by 6-7 fold compared to those in the HM tailings. In the amended and revegetated tailings treatments, As concentrations in the pore water of the LM tailings were significantly elevated compared to those in the HM. The proportion of inorganic As species in the pore water of the LM tailings was approximately 50% higher than those in the HM. After 4 weeks of treatment, the native grass accumulated up to 137 mg kg-1 As in the roots and 2 mg kg-1 As in the shoots. Based on current findings and literature review on Cu-tailings, As adsorption capacity in the tailings decreased with lowering magnetite contents. This may be attributed to the combined adsorption effects of magnetite itself and the newly formed Fe-oxyhydroxides coating the magnetite particle surfaces, resulting in increased As distribution into the pore water. Under amendment and direct revegetation, organic matter added in the tailings may have stimulated microbial mediated Fe dissolution and formation of amorphous Feoxyhydroxides at the surfaces of magnetite particles. This therefore resulted in reduced As uptake in the native grass grown in the HM tailings.The findings have demonstrated the regulatory roles of Fe-minerals such as magnetite on As mobilisation and transformation in the neutral-alkaline Cu-tailings under revegetation. The findings further highlight the potential impacts of ore processing on tailings and the risk of environmental pollution. Further studies are required to illustrate the detailed mechanisms of mineral transformation and roles of key microbial processes at the interface of mineral particles and roots of diverse native plants species." @default.
• W194807667 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W194807667 creator A5058493677 @default.
• W194807667 date "2015-01-16" @default.
• W194807667 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W194807667 title "Effects of magnetite removal on the distribution and speciation of Arsenic in copper tailings and its accumulation in native grass" @default.
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