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- W194899177 abstract "The current practice of Islam in the United States prison system is a legitimate religious expression of Sunni Islam that emerged from new religious movements of black Americans during the last half of the twentieth century in Midwestern and Northeastern urban centers. Analysis of the progression of Black Muslim prisoners to a legitimate expression of Sunni Islam is based on historical methods of research. Evidence in support of the hypothesis is drawn from primary source material including archival and published documents of the Bureau of Prisons, and the Congress. Reliable secondary resources complement primary sources. Religious texts are limited to English translations of the Koran and ahadith. The analysis incorporates basic legal research principles. For a quarter century beginning in the late 1950s, incarcerated members of the Moorish Science Temple of America and the Nation of Islam shared the title “Black Muslims.” Only a common African heritage tied these movements to global Islam. From that shared heritage, urban black Americans asserted their chosen self-identity as" @default.
- W194899177 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W194899177 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W194899177 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W194899177 title "FROM BLACK MUSLIM TO GLOBAL ISLAM: THE EVOLUTION OF THE PRACTICE OF ISLAM BY INCARCERATED BLACK AMERICANS" @default.
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