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• W1955771899 abstract "The thesis consists of three chapters of self-contained studies.In Chapter 1, I examine the decision of individuals to secure the provision of anenvironmental service under a Psychological Games framework. Since environmentalservices are considered public goods, there is an ongoing depletion of natural resources.While standard economic theory predicts the introduction of a PES is supposed tocorrect the associated externality by establishing a market which offers a monetarycompensation to owners of vital natural resources as a recognition of their effort inproviding the environmental services, this chapter argues such intervention mightbackfire: a motivation crowding-out arises if individuals believe others reciprocatefriendly behaviour solely to receive the monetary compensation, ultimately decreasingtotal environmental protection. Even if environmental protection does take place, themotivation of individuals to secure the provision of the environmental service becomescommodified by the PES. Finally, awarding the PES only to a subset of individuals willalso have negative effects on environmental protection, since those not receiving thePES will not want to do for free something that others are being paid to do.Environmental policy implications of this economic instrument are further discussed.In Chapter 2, a sample of the World Values Survey dataset is analyzed to showthere are substantial behavioural differences between immigrants and native-bornregarding pro-environmental action. In particular, while neither native-born norimmigrants are more willing to sacrifice money to save the environment, immigrantsactually engage more on activities like choosing products that are better for theenvironment, recycling, and reducing water consumption. The engagement in proenvironmentalbehaviour of immigrants is region-specific and depends on their sourceregion. Moreover, such relatively higher actual engagement in environmentally friendlybehaviours can be explained by their high socio-economic status and their higheducation level, i.e. “selective immigration”. When the behaviour of immigrants bytheir length of residence in the host country is analyzed, no differences in proenvironmentalattitudes or pro-environmental behaviour are found, a result whichsuggests they do not develop a “sense of belongingness” to the host country. Finally, inline with the standard finding in the literature of acculturation in environmentalbehaviour, this chapter finds that immigrants conform through time to some of the proenvironmentalactions of native-born.In Chapter 3, I investigate the indirect effects on norm activation produced bymonetary environmental policy instruments which introduce a situational cue thatfosters a change of identity among individuals with potential negative consequences ontheir pro-environmental behaviour. For that purpose, a two-period identity selectionmodel based on self-verification theory is developed. In each period there are two typesof selves an individual can adopt: selfish and pro-environmental. The process of identityselection is driven by the desire of individuals to be consistent across the two periods inorder to avoid social disapproval due to self-change. Results show that the monetaryenvironmental policy introduces an asymmetry in the identity selection process thatproduces a failure of norm activation: while selfish agents preserve their selfish identityafter the policy is implemented, pro-environmental agents might change their identitydespite they experience social disapproval due to a reduction in the cognitive benefits ofkeeping such identity produced by the monetary component of the policy. Implicationsfor environmental policy design are discussed." @default.
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• W1955771899 date "2013-07-01" @default.
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• W1955771899 title "Essays on environmentally friendly behaviour and environmental policy" @default.
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