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• W196076768 abstract "Wherever DNA has been isolated in the form of covalently closed circles it is found to be underwound by about 5% with respect to the B-conformation in solution. The torsion associated with the underwinding represents a considerable store of conformational energy which can be expressed in a variety of ways. Perhaps the most interesting of these is its ability to cause structural transitions in segments of DNA which are unusual in either base composition or sequence. One class of sequence which can undergo structural transitions are GC-rich alternating purine/pyrimidine sequences. The crystallographic study by Wang et al. (1979) defined the structure of the high salt-induced transition form of the simple repeating dinucleotide d(GC)n • d(GC)n observed by Pohl and Jovin (1972) as “Z-DNA”. The discovery that it was possible to drive transitions of a variety of alternating purine/ pyrimidine sequences from the B- to Z-conformations by the application of unwinding torsion under ordinary conditions of ionic strength brought this type of structural transition into the realm of possible physiological significance (Peck and Wang 1983; Haniford and Pulleyblank 1983). Another class of structural transitions which can be driven by unwinding torsion is the extrusion of palindromic sequences to cruciform structures (Hsieh and Wang 1975, Mizuuchi et al. 1982; Sullivan and Lilley 1987). Despite the intensity of recent interest in novel forms of DNA there has been surprisingly little work on a third class of structural transitions which occur in polypurine/polypyrimidine DNA when exposed to slightly below neutral pH. Examples of this latter class of transition have been known since 1968 (Courtois et al. 1968). Protonation-dependent structural transitions in polypurine/polypyrimidine tracts have the potential of having considerable biological importance since both regularly repeating and irregular polypurine/polypyrimidine DNA sequences are present as abundant components of eukaryotic genomes (Birnboim et al. 1973; Straus and Birnboim 1976) and are frequently located in the regions that bracket structural genes (Sures et al. 1978; Dodd and Strauss 1982; Larsen and Weintraub 1982; Selleck et al. 1984; Hentschell 1982; Mace et al. 1983; Schon et al. 1983;Htunetal. 1984; Elgin 1984;Ruiz-Carillo 1984).KeywordsPhosphodiester BondPlasmid InsertCruciform StructureShort InsertEnzymatic ProbeThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves." @default.
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• W196076768 date "1988-01-01" @default.
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• W196076768 title "Non-Commensurate Polypurine/Polypyrimidine DNA Structures" @default.
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