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- W1963642114 abstract "The modelling of the flocculation process is reviewed. Recent developments in this area are discussed with reference to the classical analytical expression of Smoluchowski defining collision frequency and originally published in 1917. The constraints imposed by six principal assumptions made by Smoluchowski are considered individually, with the key models that have been developed to address specific limitations discussed in detail. These assumptions comprise: (1) all particle collisions lead to attachment, (2) fluid motion is limited to laminar shear, (3) particles are monodispersed (i.e. all of them are the same size), (4) no breakage of flocs occurs, (5) all particles are spherical in shape and remain so after collision and (6) collisions take place only between two particles. The discussion incorporates an examination of particle dynamics (i.e. rectilinearity vs curvilinearity), particle surface chemistry (van der Waals attraction and electrostatic repulsion), mixing parameters (mixing intensity and the Camp number) and the key floc growth parameter of fractal dimension D. In doing so limitations of modernised theories are identified. It is concluded that constraints imposed on the interpretation of models based on microscopic aspects of the system, pertaining mainly to those phenomena presiding at the particle:solution interface, severely restrict their application in real systems. The more recent microscopic approach based on characterisation of the system through determination of the fractal dimension as a function of time offers the opportunity of a simpler yet more representative modelling, but none-the-less, currently relies on empirical measurement using fairly sophisticated experimental techniques." @default.
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- W1963642114 date "1999-05-01" @default.
- W1963642114 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
- W1963642114 title "Flocculation modelling: a review" @default.
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- W1963642114 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(98)00392-3" @default.
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