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• W1963973295 abstract "Common sense suggests we are autonomous beings with a free will and a body. This is an anthropological premise of much contemporary bioethics, especially in the Western world. Obviously, this premise should be specified and nuanced. What is more, it may be critically questioned to what extent the premise, even in a more sophisticated appearance, is relevant to the analysis of specific ethical issues. This is exactly what the first five papers in the present issue of Medicine Health Care and Philosophy endeavour. The issue starts with Ignaas Devisch’s exploration of the concepts of autonomy and heteronomy. According to Devisch maximization of autonomy, understood as self-realization, has not turned out to provide solutions to all ethical problems in health care, as some once believed it would, which has triggered a renewed focus on heteronomy. However, the latter does not suffice as a central value in health care either. Devisch attempts to escape the dilemma by breaking down the absolute opposition between autonomy and heteronomy, and introducing the concept of ‘‘oughtonomy’’, which he expects might advance current health care ethics debates. Next, Gerben Meynen reflects on free will and psychiatric assessment of criminal responsibility. Meynen focuses on criminal cases, in which forensic psychiatrists are to assess the state of mind of the defendant. As free will is regarded as a necessary requirement for legal responsibility, it is crucial to determine the extent to which possible mental disorders may have compromised free will at the time of the legally relevant act. Against this backdrop forensic researchers tend to be drawn into metaphysical debate on free will. In contrast, researchers on informed consent do not seem to ponder on similar philosophical issues so much, although free will and free choice are considered to be pivotal to informed consent as well. Nevertheless, significant conceptual and operational clarification has been achieved in debates on informed consent. Meynen argues that in this respect, research on informed consent could provide a helpful model for research on forensic assessment. Thus researchers on forensic assessment may not have to engage into philosophical discussions on free will. Julie Aultman presents a conception of mental disease in relation to the embodied person. The concept of an embodied person encompasses both the biological body and the cognitive mind as interactive, unified and whole. Mental disease affects the person as a whole, not merely the body or mind. Aultman argues that a better framework is required in order to improve our understanding of mental disease. This framework should connect metaphysical, epistemological, and ethical considerations. Once introduced, it would also benefit researchers, clinicians, patients as well as their families. Kristin Zeiler chooses a phenomenological starting point in exploring bodily self-awareness. She focuses on how subjects experience their body and departs from Drew Leder’s distinction between bodily ‘‘dis-appearance’’ and ‘‘dys-appearance’’. When we do not think about our body in daily situations, our body dis-appears from our attention. In contrast, dys-appearance happens when the body appears to us as ‘‘ill’’ or ‘‘bad’’, for example, when B. Gordijn (&) Institute of Ethics, Henry Grattan Building, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland e-mail: bert.gordijn@dcu.ie" @default.
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• W1963973295 date "2010-09-18" @default.
• W1963973295 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
• W1963973295 title "Autonomy, free will and embodiment" @default.
• W1963973295 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-010-9283-y" @default.
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