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• W1964034319 abstract "AbstractOver the past decade there have been constant reports of damage to significant cultural property in several complex (post-)conflict and (post-)revolutionary states. Recent events in Syria, Mali, Libya, Egypt, Tunisia, Afghanistan and Iraq – as devastating as they have been for people – have also had dramatic consequences for a number of important cultural heritage sites. Despite the severity of these events and global concern, the field of heritage studies has not developed a methodology for cataloguing such heritage destruction in a database. Addressing this paucity in the literature, this article details the methodology developed to produce the Iraq Cultural Property Destruction database, the world’s first database to document the destruction of cultural property in Iraq. This article also documents the calculation of the Heritage Destruction Index – a scale for measuring both the heritage ‘significance’ of a site and the overall level of destruction. Finally, this article also demonstrates the manifold uses of such a database in measuring and monitoring heritage destruction in Iraq. This study therefore sets a significant precedent in heritage studies by providing methods that can be applied to other contexts (past, present and future) to document the destruction of cultural property in complex contexts.Keywords: cultural propertydatabaseIraqdestructiondamage AcknowledgementsThe author gratefully acknowledges the funding for this research from both the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DE120100315) and Deakin University’s Central Research Grant Scheme (RM23968). The broader research project is entitled ‘Measuring the Destruction of Heritage and Spikes of Violence in Iraq’. The author also acknowledges the hard work and enthusiasm of his three Australia-based research assistants, Ms Diane Siebrandt, Mr Wael Elhabrouk and an anonymous Iraqi expatriate, as well as the 15 Iraq-based anonymous research assistants who completed field work related to this project. Beyond the support of his home institution, the Centre for Citizenship and Globalisation at Deakin University Australia, the author is also grateful for the support given to him whilst completing two Visiting Research Fellowships during this research, at the Oriental Institute and the Centre for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Chicago (USA, 2012) and the International Centre for Cultural and Heritage Studies at Newcastle University (UK, 2013). Finally, the author gratefully acknowledges the insightful comments and suggestions of Bill Logan and Andrea Witcomb, the two anonymous reviewers and especially the guidance of the editor of this journal.Notes1. This database can be found online at: http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/IRAQ/dbfiles/Iraqdatabasehome.htm.2. This database can be found online at: http://artiraq.org/maia/.3. This website can be found online at: http://iwa.univie.ac.at/site.html.4. This website can be found online at: http://artlibrary.vassar.edu/Baghdad/links.html.5. This website can be found online at: http://www.h-net.org/~museum/iraq.html.6. This database can be found online at: http://www.artloss.com/en.7. This database can be found online at: http://www.interpol.int/Crime-areas/Works-of-art/Works-of-art.8. For example, first-hand experience indicates that many Iraqis will blame the Coalition forces or a rival ethno-religious group even if they know the damage was done by locals.9. It should therefore be understood that the ICPD database makes no claim to be a complete and comprehensive database of heritage destruction in Iraq since 2003, if indeed such a thing is possible. However, it does represent the author’s best efforts to overcome the many obstacles facing such a task within the time frame and budget accorded to the project.10. It is also worth noting here that no Iraqi newspaper were included in this study. While many Iraqi news outlets have done a remarkable job in what is certainly one of the most difficult contexts for journalists over the last decade, the fact remains that the bulk of the Iraqi press remains highly partisan, inconsistent, unreliable and difficult to access (Isakhan Citation2009).11. This website can be found online at: http://global.factiva.com.12. The exact script for this advanced search is available from the author upon request.13. More details on these ‘Assessing Heritage Destruction in Iraq – Site Assessment Form’ are available from the author upon request.14. To demonstrate, the minimum score of ‘0’ on the V-Scale results from the site being ranked ‘No Value’ (0) for each of the four heritage values in the typology and can be represented by the formula (0 + 0 + 0 + 0/4 = 0); the maximum score of ‘20’ occurs when a site is ranked ‘Exceptional Value’ (20) for each of the four heritage values in the typology as per the formula (20 + 20 + 20 + 20/4 = 20).15. As stated, these definitions of heritage destruction are taken from Riedlmayer’s study of the Balkans (Riedlmayer Citation2002, 7–8) except for ‘5 Unknown Damage’ which was added by the author.16. On the D-Scale, the minimum possible score of ‘0’ results from the site being ranked ‘In Good Condition or Undamaged’ (0) while the highest possible score of ‘20’ occurs when a site is ranked ‘Completely Destroyed’ (20).17. The minimum possible score on the HD-Index a heritage site could receive would be ‘0’ represented by the formula ((V-Scale = ‘No Value’ [0] for each of the four heritage values in the typology; [0 + 0 + 0 + 0/4 = 0])×(D-Scale = ‘In Good Condition or Undamaged’ [0])). The maximum score on the HD-Index is ‘400’ which is calculated according to the following ((V-Scale = ‘Exceptional Value’ [20] for each of the four heritage values in the typology; [20 + 20 + 20 + 20/4 = 20])×(D-Scale = ‘Completely Destroyed’ [20])); ((20 + 20 + 20 + 20/4)×20 = 400).18. This results from the equation (2.5×5).19. This results from the equation (20×15).20. This results from the equation (12.5 + 300)." @default.
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• W1964034319 date "2014-01-20" @default.
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• W1964034319 title "Creating the Iraq cultural property destruction database: calculating a heritage destruction index" @default.
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