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• W1964870458 abstract "Despite their ubiquitous occurrence in natural and managed ecosystems, the role of unspecialized fungal endophytes in mediating insect-plant interactions have been largely ignored compared to clavicipitaceous fungal endophytes of grasses. We conducted laboratory and glasshouse experiments to test the hypothesis that an unspecialized fungal endophyte (Acremonium strictum) restricted to the root system of the host plant is able to mediate the interaction between a polyphagous herbivorous insect (Helicoverpa armigera) and its host plant (tomatoes, Lycopersicum esculentum). Our studies indicated a significant variation in the ability of inoculated and control plants to support the life history stages of the insect. Larvae reared on inoculated plants suffer significant reduction in growth rate, prolonged development times, suppressed moulting, and produced smaller pupae that were more likely to die, and emerged adults were less fecund compared to larvae reared on control plants. In glasshouse bioassays were larvae were allowed to graze freely, on inoculated plants only 20% survived to the final stadium compared to 54.5% on control plants. No significant differences in the amount of foliage consumed were found between inoculated and control plants, suggesting that A. strictum does not act as a feeding deterrent for H. armigera larvae. Larvae fed inoculated plants showed a significant increase in the relative consumption rate, although the approximate digestibility of ingested food, and efficiency with which both ingested food and digested food was converted to insect biomass decreased during the same period. In addition to reduced efficiency of food utilization, surviving larvae on inoculated plants displayed a significant reduction in relative growth rate. We hypothesized that alterations in phytosterol composition mediated by infection of the fungal endophyte, may explain the reduced larval performance on inoculated plants. Obwohl unspezialisierte endophytische Pilze in allen Ökosystemen weit verbreitet und häufig sind, blieb ihre Rolle bei Interaktionen zwischen Pflanzen und herbivoren Insekten bisher weitgehend unberücksichtigt. In Labor- und Gewächshausexperimenten haben wir die Hypothese untersucht, dass ein unspezialisierter Wurzelendophyt (Acremonium strictum) die Wechselwirkungen zwischen einem polyphagen Insekt (Helicoverpa armigera) und Tomatenpflanzen (Lycopersicum esculentum) beeinflussen kann. Die Entwicklung der Insekten weist deutliche Unterschiede zwischen inokulierten und Kontrollpflanzen auf. Larven, die auf inokulierten Pflanzen gehalten wurden, zeigten gegenüber solchen von Kontrollpflanzen jeweils signifikant verringerte Wachstumsraten, verlängerte Entwicklungszeiten, verzögerte Häutungen, und bildeten kleinere Puppen aus, welche eine höhere Mortalität aufwiesen. Die geschlüpften Weibchen hatten zudem eine verringerte Fekundität. In Frassversuchen im Gewächshaus überlebten an inokulierten Pflanzen nur 20% der Larven während an Kontrollpflanzen 54,5% überlebten. Da die gefressene Biomasse in beiden Varianten gleich war, ist eine deterrente Wirkung des Pilzes auszuschließen. Vielmehr deuten signifikante Veränderungen der Fraß- und Verwertungsindices sowie die niedrigeren relativen Wachstumsraten darauf hin, das sich die Nahrungsqualität auf inokulierten Pflanzen verschlechtert hatte. Wir diskutieren die Hypothese, dass der Phytosterolgehalt, welcher durch eine Inokulation der Pflanzen verändert wird, zu den verschlechterten Entwicklungsbedingungen der Larven geführt hat." @default.
• W1964870458 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1964870458 date "2004-01-01" @default.
• W1964870458 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1964870458 title "Indirect interaction between an unspecialized endophytic fungus and a polyphagous moth" @default.
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• W1964870458 doi "https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-1791-00224" @default.
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