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• W1965396098 abstract "Because of their complexity, their potential for homoplasy, andsketchy fossil record, the evolutionary history of early echinodermshas been problematic. Origins of high ranktaxa continue to be vig-orously debated. Specifically,the dispute over the origin of crinoidsis particularly active, fuelled by recent fossil discoveries. Twoschools of thought now promote competing hypotheses.Inthe tra-ditional model, crinoids branch from the earliest echinoderms thatbear feeding appendages, the blastozoans (‘eocrinoids’ or deriveddescendents, ‘cystoids’). The main alternate interpretation holdsthat crinoids branched from derived, but early edrioasteroids.Involved researchers find earliest edrioasteroids to be the mostprobable basal echinoderms and that blastozoans and crinoidsarose ultimately from ancestors in common with this group. Allthree groups are radiate, stemmed or directly attached suspensionfeeders with numerous small calcareous plates, emphasizing thepotential for homoplasy andplesiomorphy.The Australian skeletal elements reported by Clausen et al.(2009) are claimed to extend the range of crinoid-like feedingappendage elements to the mid-Cambrian, a stratigraphicallyappropriatepositionfor advocates of the idea that blastozoansgaverise to crinoids. Examples of these fossils have previously beenillustrated and briefly considered by Rozhnov (2002; not cited byClausen et al. 2009). Rozhnov also favoured an origin of crinoidsfrom blastozoan common ancestry, but recognized morphologicalsimilarities linking the Australian elements to early blastozoans,not crinoids. We find these disarticulated, potentially multi-taxonfossils too generalized to bridge the gap between blastozoans andcrinoids in any way. The improved record of relatively completeearliest crinoids underscores the difficulty; earliest crinoids areamong the taxa least blastozoan-like and therefore their compo-nents contrast most strongly with the stereom elements reportedby Clausen et al. (2009). Despite the tantalizing similarities of thesefossils to certain elements in derived crinoids and the hoped-forextension of the stratigraphic range of crinoid-like morphology,the interpretation of Clausen et al. (2009) misrepresents the stateof knowledge for one aspect of the diversification of the phylumEchinodermata. The primary focus here is on Clausen et al. (2009)but we also find similar weakness in interpretations drawn earlierby Clausen & Smith (2008) regarding disarticulated early Cam-brian stems from Morocco. A brief treatment of these is includedin this commentary." @default.
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• W1965396098 date "2010-09-01" @default.
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• W1965396098 title "Pelmatozoan arms from the mid-Cambrian of Australia: bridging the gap between brachioles and brachials? Comment: there is no bridge" @default.
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• W1965396098 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00220.x" @default.
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