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• W1965599207 endingPage "9373" @default.
• W1965599207 startingPage "9368" @default.
• W1965599207 abstract "Throughout the plant and animal kingdoms specific cell types become polyploid, increasing their DNA content to attain a large cell size. In mammals, megakaryocytes (MKs) become polyploid before fragmenting into platelets. The mammalian trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) exploit their size to form a barrier between the maternal and embryonic tissues. The mechanism of polyploidization has been investigated extensively in Drosophila , in which a modified cell cycle—the endocycle, consisting solely of alternating S and gap phases—produces polyploid tissues. During S phase in the Drosophila endocycle, heterochromatin and specific euchromatic regions are underreplicated and reduced in copy number. Here we investigate the properties of polyploidization in murine MKs and TGCs. We induced differentiation of primary MKs and directly microdissected TGCs from embryonic day 9.5 implantation sites. The copy number across the genome was analyzed by array-based comparative genome hybridization. In striking contrast to Drosophila , the genome was uniformly and integrally duplicated in both MKs and TGCs. This was true even for heterochromatic regions analyzed by quantitative PCR. Underreplication of specific regions in polyploid cells is proposed to be due to a slower S phase, resulting from low expression of S-phase genes, causing failure to duplicate late replicating genomic intervals. We defined the transcriptome of TGCs and found robust expression of S-phase genes. Similarly, S-phase gene expression is not repressed in MKs, providing an explanation for the distinct endoreplication parameters compared with Drosophila . Consistent with TGCs endocycling rather than undergoing endomitosis, they have low expression of M-phase genes." @default.
• W1965599207 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1965599207 creator A5002145049 @default.
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• W1965599207 creator A5047481684 @default.
• W1965599207 date "2013-04-23" @default.
• W1965599207 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
• W1965599207 title "Fundamental differences in endoreplication in mammals and <i>Drosophila</i> revealed by analysis of endocycling and endomitotic cells" @default.
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• W1965599207 doi "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1304889110" @default.
• W1965599207 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3677442" @default.
• W1965599207 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23613587" @default.
• W1965599207 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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